SCHEME OF WORK
Weeks Topics
1. Our values (a) Values (i) meaning of values e.g. like and dislike, (ii) importance of values e.g. unity, cooperation, harmony (iii) levels of manifestation of values- individual, society.
2. Our values (b) factors that promote good values system e.g. consistency, trust, tolerance, fairness, integrity and commitment.
3. Types of values - Honesty : (i) meaning of honesty(ii) attributes of honesty, (iii) benefit of honesty(iv) consequences of dishonesty e.g. in examination malpractice, cheating, fraudulent practices etc.
4. Types of values -Co-operation (i) meaning of cooperation e.g. working together to achieve goal (ii) Attributes e.g. sharing, caring, supporting etc. (iii) Factors that promote co-operation- goals, needs , understanding etc. (iv)Benefit of co-operation- harmony, progress and goal achievement
5. Types of values – Self-reliance (i) Meaning of self-reliance (ii) Attributes of self-reliance (iii) Processes of identifying, nurturing and perfection of talent and skills.
6. Benefits of self-reliance (a) (i) to one self (ii) to the family (iii) the society (b) understanding that the wealth of a nation is contained in its natural and human resources (c) consequences of undiscovered talent and undeveloped skills.
7. Citizenship: (a) meaning of citizen and citizenship membership of a nation based on lay down conditions (b) Types of citizenship - by birth, by registration and naturalization (c) Processes of becoming a citizen of a country.
8. Citizenship: (d) Rights and duties of citizens. (e) Differences between Rights and Duties of citizens. Importance of citizens’ Rights and Duties- social control, peace, due process and discipline.
9. Revision
1ST TERM
WEEK 1
Topic: OUR VALUES
Meaning of Values
Values can be defined as the accepted principles or standards of a person or a group of people;
A personal measure of worth, such as how important an individual considers certain things; beliefs, principles or ideas people attach to things based on their sense of values;
Values are standards, rules and criteria that influence and determine how individual behave in a society.
Some examples of values include honesty, discipline, integrity, hard work, commitment, etc.
Most people prefer to work with people that exhibit good values. When one exhibits good values in the school, at home and at the place of work, it will make many people to love him or her.
(ii) Importance of values in the society
(a) Value may help in decision making as it tends to help us to take rational decision based on the importance attached to a thing.
(b) Basic human values also promote positive or good relationship among people when they all accept such societal norms, attitude or ways of doing things.
(c) Understanding our value system helps us to resist pressure to conform to other people value and behavior which may not be acceptable to generality of people.
(d) If we do not act in accordance with our values, we may be ashamed and disappointed
(e) Values guide human behavior, given purpose and direction to our lives since there are acceptable ways of behaviors recognized by the society.
(f) Values also enhance good behaviors, attitudes and feelings in the society.
Summarily, values are relevant in good decision making, promote good relationship, help to build personal integrity and enhance good behaviors that are acceptable in the society.
(iii) Levels of manifestation of values
Individual values - An individual may derive his values from various ways, which may include parental influence, community, cultural and religious teaching, the media, school and peer groups.
Most parents want their children to develop values similar to theirs, though members of the same family may have different values. Open and honest communication about specific values can help young people to broaden their outlook and understand importance of values.
Societal Values - There are certain values, norms and attitudes of a society which are developed over a long period of time. As we mature in the society, we are made to learn and acquire such values which are cherished by the society. Such values can be learnt mostly through our rules and regulations.
Evaluation:
1. Define the term value.
2. Mention three importance of values
3. List two levels of manifestation of values.
Meaning of Values
Values can be defined as the accepted principles or standards of a person or a group of people;
A personal measure of worth, such as how important an individual considers certain things; beliefs, principles or ideas people attach to things based on their sense of values;
Values are standards, rules and criteria that influence and determine how individual behave in a society.
Some examples of values include honesty, discipline, integrity, hard work, commitment, etc.
Most people prefer to work with people that exhibit good values. When one exhibits good values in the school, at home and at the place of work, it will make many people to love him or her.
(ii) Importance of values in the society
(a) Value may help in decision making as it tends to help us to take rational decision based on the importance attached to a thing.
(b) Basic human values also promote positive or good relationship among people when they all accept such societal norms, attitude or ways of doing things.
(c) Understanding our value system helps us to resist pressure to conform to other people value and behavior which may not be acceptable to generality of people.
(d) If we do not act in accordance with our values, we may be ashamed and disappointed
(e) Values guide human behavior, given purpose and direction to our lives since there are acceptable ways of behaviors recognized by the society.
(f) Values also enhance good behaviors, attitudes and feelings in the society.
Summarily, values are relevant in good decision making, promote good relationship, help to build personal integrity and enhance good behaviors that are acceptable in the society.
(iii) Levels of manifestation of values
Individual values - An individual may derive his values from various ways, which may include parental influence, community, cultural and religious teaching, the media, school and peer groups.
Most parents want their children to develop values similar to theirs, though members of the same family may have different values. Open and honest communication about specific values can help young people to broaden their outlook and understand importance of values.
Societal Values - There are certain values, norms and attitudes of a society which are developed over a long period of time. As we mature in the society, we are made to learn and acquire such values which are cherished by the society. Such values can be learnt mostly through our rules and regulations.
Evaluation:
1. Define the term value.
2. Mention three importance of values
3. List two levels of manifestation of values.
WEEK 2
TOPIC: OUR VALUES (cont’d)
Sub-Topic: Factors that promote good value system
1. CONSISTENCY – This is the attitude of doing what is right all the time and this has the tendency of promoting good moral values in the society
2. TRUST – This is the attitude of having confidence in someone in doing what is right. This will promote societal and individual value system.
3. TOLERANCE – The ability to tolerate other people’s behaviours when they go wrong will help to sustain value system as such values will be improved upon.
4. FAIRNESS – We should learn to treat other people in the society fairly so that our values will not be destroyed
5. INTEGRITY – This is the attitude of having the sense of probity and accountability and when this attitude is present in our society, our value system will be promoted and sustained
6. COMMITMENT – This is the attitude of facing a given task with all seriousness and when such attitude is present in our society, our value system will be promoted, enhanced and sustained.
Evaluation
1. List four factors that promote good value system.
2. Explain two of the above mentioned factors.
Sub-Topic: Factors that promote good value system
1. CONSISTENCY – This is the attitude of doing what is right all the time and this has the tendency of promoting good moral values in the society
2. TRUST – This is the attitude of having confidence in someone in doing what is right. This will promote societal and individual value system.
3. TOLERANCE – The ability to tolerate other people’s behaviours when they go wrong will help to sustain value system as such values will be improved upon.
4. FAIRNESS – We should learn to treat other people in the society fairly so that our values will not be destroyed
5. INTEGRITY – This is the attitude of having the sense of probity and accountability and when this attitude is present in our society, our value system will be promoted and sustained
6. COMMITMENT – This is the attitude of facing a given task with all seriousness and when such attitude is present in our society, our value system will be promoted, enhanced and sustained.
Evaluation
1. List four factors that promote good value system.
2. Explain two of the above mentioned factors.
WEEK 3
Topic: TYPES OF VALUES: HONESTY
Meaning of Honesty:
This is the attitude of standing for the truth or telling the truth at all times.
It may also involve such attitudes as equity, fairness, openness, uprightness and sincerity. Honesty implies being trustworthy; not likely to lie, cheat or hide facts.
(ii) Attributes of honesty: When we talk of attributes of honesty we mean the characteristics, features or elements of honesty. They are as follow:
1. INTEGRITY - An honest person is a man or woman of integrity who would always do what is right.
2. TRUTHFULNESS – An honest person will always say the truth all the time.
3. BOLDNESS – Boldness is a necessary condition for honesty. An honest person will not be bothered about whatever will happen when truth is required in any situation.
4. FAIRNESS – An honest person will be fair to all not minding whose horse is gored or what situation he may find himself
5. RESPONSIBILITY – An honest person is a responsible person. This is carrying out your obligation or duties, being answerable for your own actions.
6. HONOUR – An honest person is a man of honour. This is because he is able to keep his word.
(Mnemonics for the above points could be F. BIRTH)
(iii) Benefits of honesty
1. An honest person is highly respected in the society
2. It will project individual groups and the country in a positive light that can be relied upon when the need arises.
3. Honesty also leads to political, economic and social advancement thus; the country will move forward
4. God blesses and rewards an honest person.
5. There will also be a sense of fulfillment and contentment
(iv) Consequences of dishonesty
Dishonesty is a negative value. It implies being deceitful, being fraudulent, corrupt and trickery in behavior. This must not be encouraged because of its consequences which include the following:
1. PUNISHMENT – The negative effect of dishonesty is the punishment that awaits a dishonest person by the law enforcement agents. Such punishment may include imprisonment, flogging etc.
2. SHAME – Shame will be the outcome of any dishonest person when such truths are revealed
3. EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE – when a student indulges in examination malpractice he faces severe punishment or expulsion from school.
4. FRAUDULENT PRACTICE – People that are not honest will be engaged in some sharp practices such as bribery and corruption as well as 419 activities known as Advanced Free Fraud.
5. NEGLECT – A dishonest person will suffer neglect as people would not like to associate with him or her or give such a person any responsible position in the society.
Evaluation
1. Explain the meaning of honesty
2. List four benefits of honesty.
3. What is dishonesty?
4. Give and explain three consequences of dishonesty.
Meaning of Honesty:
This is the attitude of standing for the truth or telling the truth at all times.
It may also involve such attitudes as equity, fairness, openness, uprightness and sincerity. Honesty implies being trustworthy; not likely to lie, cheat or hide facts.
(ii) Attributes of honesty: When we talk of attributes of honesty we mean the characteristics, features or elements of honesty. They are as follow:
1. INTEGRITY - An honest person is a man or woman of integrity who would always do what is right.
2. TRUTHFULNESS – An honest person will always say the truth all the time.
3. BOLDNESS – Boldness is a necessary condition for honesty. An honest person will not be bothered about whatever will happen when truth is required in any situation.
4. FAIRNESS – An honest person will be fair to all not minding whose horse is gored or what situation he may find himself
5. RESPONSIBILITY – An honest person is a responsible person. This is carrying out your obligation or duties, being answerable for your own actions.
6. HONOUR – An honest person is a man of honour. This is because he is able to keep his word.
(Mnemonics for the above points could be F. BIRTH)
(iii) Benefits of honesty
1. An honest person is highly respected in the society
2. It will project individual groups and the country in a positive light that can be relied upon when the need arises.
3. Honesty also leads to political, economic and social advancement thus; the country will move forward
4. God blesses and rewards an honest person.
5. There will also be a sense of fulfillment and contentment
(iv) Consequences of dishonesty
Dishonesty is a negative value. It implies being deceitful, being fraudulent, corrupt and trickery in behavior. This must not be encouraged because of its consequences which include the following:
1. PUNISHMENT – The negative effect of dishonesty is the punishment that awaits a dishonest person by the law enforcement agents. Such punishment may include imprisonment, flogging etc.
2. SHAME – Shame will be the outcome of any dishonest person when such truths are revealed
3. EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE – when a student indulges in examination malpractice he faces severe punishment or expulsion from school.
4. FRAUDULENT PRACTICE – People that are not honest will be engaged in some sharp practices such as bribery and corruption as well as 419 activities known as Advanced Free Fraud.
5. NEGLECT – A dishonest person will suffer neglect as people would not like to associate with him or her or give such a person any responsible position in the society.
Evaluation
1. Explain the meaning of honesty
2. List four benefits of honesty.
3. What is dishonesty?
4. Give and explain three consequences of dishonesty.
WEEK 4
Topic: TYPES OF VALUES: Cooperation
(i) Meaning of Cooperation
Cooperation is the working together of people to achieve a common purpose or goal. It is the working together of two or more persons to achieve a common goal or objective in a family, school community town and country. Co-operation is needed in all fields of human Endeavour. In the office, co-operation is needed between the boss and the workers. The boss must lead very well and the workers must obey their boss.
(ii) Attributes of a co-operation
1. SHARING – For co-operation to be meaningful, people should share things together so that things will go well for the society. Sharing of ideas, views and opinions should be the attitude of people who are cooperative.
2. SUPPORTING – People must support one another to achieve a common goal and this is the only way to make co-operation to be meaningful. As individuals in the society, we need help from one another to achieve our respective goals.
3. OBEDIENCE –when there is cooperation in any society there must be obedience to the rules and regulations of the society which will lead to meaningful development.
Sub – Topic: Factors that Promote or Encourage Co-operation
Co-operation takes place in a society where all or most of these factors exist. The following are some of these factors:
1. The first important factor is that there must be rules and regulations in the home, school, church, workplace, community and the state so that conflicts and mis-understanding in the society will be reduced
2. There should be social justice in the society. Everybody must be treated fairly by judges, Magistrates and those in authority. In order to achieve this, there should be equal pay for equal volume of work done.
3. Bribery and corruption must be wiped out in the organization and society. In a place where these twin evils exist, things are never done well. People will sacrifice the goals of the society of personal or selfish wishes.
4. Tolerance must exist in the society or organization. The principle of live and let live must be allowed or permitted in the society. We should allow our fellow human beings to state their own views freely in any matter under discussion.
5. A society where tribalism, nepotism, and sectionalism exist cooperation cannot take place there. The people must be treated equally and merit should be the yardstick.
6. Unity is another factor that must exist before co-operation can take place. The people must work as a team and live in harmony. A situation where people see one another as enemies, cooperation cannot take place.
7. People must respect the rights of others. They should understand that where a person’s right ends another person’s right starts. If it is not respected co-operation cannot exist among such people.
8. NEED – When the needs of the people are met, there will be co-operation. A favorable cost of living must be provided for
9. GOALS – There must be some set goals which must be aimed at. When there are set goals, efforts will be made for it realization.
(iv) Benefits of co-operation
Cooperation has advantages to the individual and groups. Some of the benefits include:
1. encouraging people to live together in harmony.
2. Co-operation may lead to the development of the society. The number and quality of social amenities such as roads, bridges, schools, hospitals etc will increase. More industries will be built and more jobs will be created.
3. Peace reigns in the society where there is co-operation. Divisiveness and rancor will not be seen. People are tolerant of one another.
4. There will also be joy and happiness. When a task is accomplished, the people are happy. When a given task or goal is achieved, there will be joy in the camp of the participants.
5. Co-operation leads to team work. People often say, United we stand divided we fall. It leads to togetherness and unity of purpose.
6. Co-operation will lead to the achievement of set goals. This is because all members of the society or group will work for the attainment of such goals.
Evaluation
1. Define cooperation
2. Explain four factors that promote cooperation.
3. Mention three befits of cooperation.
(i) Meaning of Cooperation
Cooperation is the working together of people to achieve a common purpose or goal. It is the working together of two or more persons to achieve a common goal or objective in a family, school community town and country. Co-operation is needed in all fields of human Endeavour. In the office, co-operation is needed between the boss and the workers. The boss must lead very well and the workers must obey their boss.
(ii) Attributes of a co-operation
1. SHARING – For co-operation to be meaningful, people should share things together so that things will go well for the society. Sharing of ideas, views and opinions should be the attitude of people who are cooperative.
2. SUPPORTING – People must support one another to achieve a common goal and this is the only way to make co-operation to be meaningful. As individuals in the society, we need help from one another to achieve our respective goals.
3. OBEDIENCE –when there is cooperation in any society there must be obedience to the rules and regulations of the society which will lead to meaningful development.
Sub – Topic: Factors that Promote or Encourage Co-operation
Co-operation takes place in a society where all or most of these factors exist. The following are some of these factors:
1. The first important factor is that there must be rules and regulations in the home, school, church, workplace, community and the state so that conflicts and mis-understanding in the society will be reduced
2. There should be social justice in the society. Everybody must be treated fairly by judges, Magistrates and those in authority. In order to achieve this, there should be equal pay for equal volume of work done.
3. Bribery and corruption must be wiped out in the organization and society. In a place where these twin evils exist, things are never done well. People will sacrifice the goals of the society of personal or selfish wishes.
4. Tolerance must exist in the society or organization. The principle of live and let live must be allowed or permitted in the society. We should allow our fellow human beings to state their own views freely in any matter under discussion.
5. A society where tribalism, nepotism, and sectionalism exist cooperation cannot take place there. The people must be treated equally and merit should be the yardstick.
6. Unity is another factor that must exist before co-operation can take place. The people must work as a team and live in harmony. A situation where people see one another as enemies, cooperation cannot take place.
7. People must respect the rights of others. They should understand that where a person’s right ends another person’s right starts. If it is not respected co-operation cannot exist among such people.
8. NEED – When the needs of the people are met, there will be co-operation. A favorable cost of living must be provided for
9. GOALS – There must be some set goals which must be aimed at. When there are set goals, efforts will be made for it realization.
(iv) Benefits of co-operation
Cooperation has advantages to the individual and groups. Some of the benefits include:
1. encouraging people to live together in harmony.
2. Co-operation may lead to the development of the society. The number and quality of social amenities such as roads, bridges, schools, hospitals etc will increase. More industries will be built and more jobs will be created.
3. Peace reigns in the society where there is co-operation. Divisiveness and rancor will not be seen. People are tolerant of one another.
4. There will also be joy and happiness. When a task is accomplished, the people are happy. When a given task or goal is achieved, there will be joy in the camp of the participants.
5. Co-operation leads to team work. People often say, United we stand divided we fall. It leads to togetherness and unity of purpose.
6. Co-operation will lead to the achievement of set goals. This is because all members of the society or group will work for the attainment of such goals.
Evaluation
1. Define cooperation
2. Explain four factors that promote cooperation.
3. Mention three befits of cooperation.
WEEK 5
Topic: Types of value - Self Reliance.
Meaning of Self reliance
Self-reliance is the belief in one’s ability to do certain thing by oneself without necessarily relies on other people.
A self-reliant person will not depend on anyone. Such a person is always self-sufficient. He is not looking elsewhere for support.
Attributes of Self reliance
a. HARD WORK – To be self-reliant one must work hard in order to achieve a given task without which nothing can be achieved.
b. DEDICATION – This is a good habit of a self-reliant person. Such a person must be dedicated so as to achieve the desired goals.
c. VOCATONAL TRAINING – A self reliant person must be trained for a particular job that will earn such a person means of livelihood
d. INDEPENDENCE – A self reliant person is an independent person. He can take any decision affecting his job without any consultation. He can go to work and close at any time.
e. RISK BEARING – A self reliant person takes risk on his business. He alone will bear the losses and profits on his business.
f. DILIGENCE – A self reliant person will be diligent in his work. He will pay attention to his work. He will also be persistent and tireless.
Processes of identifying one’s natural talents
a. GIFT – The gift that one has could be easily identified by people that are close to such person through varying activities
b. PARENTAL DISCOVERY – The parent of a person is a good channel through which talents can be discovered. This is as a result of long years of interaction and living together because they may be living under the same roof.
c. GROUP ACTIVITIES – Talents can also be discovered by giving certain activities to some groups of people to perform. Through it, people with exemplary talents can be discovered.
Members’ contributions or participation at meetings and socio-cultural or political events assist a lot in identifying members’ different talents e.g Inter-house sports competition has led to the discovery of great sports men and women in Nigeria. Other events through which talents are hunted include literary and debating society, drama, cultural display, gymnastic display etc.
d. PRESS- The press can also monitor the activities of people with good talents in various fields of human Endeavour with a view to discovering new talents.
e. RELIGIOUS BODY: Religious bodies have been instrumental in discovering talents e.g. Musical talents.
Evaluation
1. What is self-reliance?
2. Mention three benefits of self-reliance
3. List three processes of identifying one’s natural talents
Meaning of Self reliance
Self-reliance is the belief in one’s ability to do certain thing by oneself without necessarily relies on other people.
A self-reliant person will not depend on anyone. Such a person is always self-sufficient. He is not looking elsewhere for support.
Attributes of Self reliance
a. HARD WORK – To be self-reliant one must work hard in order to achieve a given task without which nothing can be achieved.
b. DEDICATION – This is a good habit of a self-reliant person. Such a person must be dedicated so as to achieve the desired goals.
c. VOCATONAL TRAINING – A self reliant person must be trained for a particular job that will earn such a person means of livelihood
d. INDEPENDENCE – A self reliant person is an independent person. He can take any decision affecting his job without any consultation. He can go to work and close at any time.
e. RISK BEARING – A self reliant person takes risk on his business. He alone will bear the losses and profits on his business.
f. DILIGENCE – A self reliant person will be diligent in his work. He will pay attention to his work. He will also be persistent and tireless.
Processes of identifying one’s natural talents
a. GIFT – The gift that one has could be easily identified by people that are close to such person through varying activities
b. PARENTAL DISCOVERY – The parent of a person is a good channel through which talents can be discovered. This is as a result of long years of interaction and living together because they may be living under the same roof.
c. GROUP ACTIVITIES – Talents can also be discovered by giving certain activities to some groups of people to perform. Through it, people with exemplary talents can be discovered.
Members’ contributions or participation at meetings and socio-cultural or political events assist a lot in identifying members’ different talents e.g Inter-house sports competition has led to the discovery of great sports men and women in Nigeria. Other events through which talents are hunted include literary and debating society, drama, cultural display, gymnastic display etc.
d. PRESS- The press can also monitor the activities of people with good talents in various fields of human Endeavour with a view to discovering new talents.
e. RELIGIOUS BODY: Religious bodies have been instrumental in discovering talents e.g. Musical talents.
Evaluation
1. What is self-reliance?
2. Mention three benefits of self-reliance
3. List three processes of identifying one’s natural talents
WEEK 6
Topic: WHY THE INDIVIDUAL MUST BE SELF RELIANT OR BENEFITS OF SELF RELIANCE
1. SELF SUSTANANCE – It is necessary to be self reliant so that one will be able to meet the basic necessities of life such as food, shelter, clothing and housing.
2. It is also necessary to be self reliant because it is not possible for the government to provide jobs for all job seekers, when one is engaged in a vocation, it will be beneficial to the government and the entire citizenry.
3. A self reliant person will also be able to assist the less privileged group in the society
4. It will also assist the government in meeting the basic needs of the society. It is not possible for the government to meet all our needs.
5. Self reliance of people in the society will also lead to development of the society as such groups of people will use their resources for the development and upliftment of the society
6. It will also improve the standard of living of our society.
How to nurture identified talents
1. Constant practice.
2. Interacting with people with similar talents
3. Holding onto one’s talent even when there is opposition
4. Encouragement from other people.
5. Having good mentors to groom one in his or her area of talent.
6. Enabling Environment – The government should also provide an atmosphere of peace
that will enhance optimal productivity of such talented people
Consequences of wasted talents and undeveloped skills
If a person does not discover his or her talent or skill the person and the society may
be affected in the following ways:
1. The person may remain undeveloped and unfulfilled
2. The society may not make progress: When skills are not developed not much progress
will come to such societies.
3. The skill in the individual may die with the owner of such skills when it is not
identified or nurtured.
4. Some hidden knowledge may not be exposed and therefore people will live
in ignorance
5. The revenue that could have come to the family of those talented people and the society may be lost.
Evaluation:
1. Give three benefits of self-reliance
2. Enumerate five natural talent that people possess
3. Describe four ways to nurture talent
4. List three consequences of undiscovered talent.
1. SELF SUSTANANCE – It is necessary to be self reliant so that one will be able to meet the basic necessities of life such as food, shelter, clothing and housing.
2. It is also necessary to be self reliant because it is not possible for the government to provide jobs for all job seekers, when one is engaged in a vocation, it will be beneficial to the government and the entire citizenry.
3. A self reliant person will also be able to assist the less privileged group in the society
4. It will also assist the government in meeting the basic needs of the society. It is not possible for the government to meet all our needs.
5. Self reliance of people in the society will also lead to development of the society as such groups of people will use their resources for the development and upliftment of the society
6. It will also improve the standard of living of our society.
How to nurture identified talents
1. Constant practice.
2. Interacting with people with similar talents
3. Holding onto one’s talent even when there is opposition
4. Encouragement from other people.
5. Having good mentors to groom one in his or her area of talent.
6. Enabling Environment – The government should also provide an atmosphere of peace
that will enhance optimal productivity of such talented people
Consequences of wasted talents and undeveloped skills
If a person does not discover his or her talent or skill the person and the society may
be affected in the following ways:
1. The person may remain undeveloped and unfulfilled
2. The society may not make progress: When skills are not developed not much progress
will come to such societies.
3. The skill in the individual may die with the owner of such skills when it is not
identified or nurtured.
4. Some hidden knowledge may not be exposed and therefore people will live
in ignorance
5. The revenue that could have come to the family of those talented people and the society may be lost.
Evaluation:
1. Give three benefits of self-reliance
2. Enumerate five natural talent that people possess
3. Describe four ways to nurture talent
4. List three consequences of undiscovered talent.
WEEK 7
Topic: CITIZENSHIP
Sub – Topic: Meaning of citizen and Citizenship
A citizen is a person who is recognized by law as a member of a country. A citizen enjoys certain rights and privileges which are written in the constitution of a country to ensure that everyone knows those rights and respects them. Duties are also assigned to a legal citizen of a country .Thus; citizenship is membership in a community, society or country
Types of citizenship
1. By Birth: when one is born in a particular country, he or she automatically becomes a citizen of that country. For example, a person born in Nigeria and whose parents are Nigerians is qualified to be a Nigerian citizen.
2. Naturalization: this is through application when such person can pledge his or her allegiance to a particular country.
3. Registration: A woman who is a citizen of another country but married to a Nigerian husband is a citizen of Nigeria by registration.
4. Descent: A person born outside Nigeria, but whose parents are Nigerians is a citizen of Nigeria by descent. For instance, a child born by Nigerian couple in London or Washington D.C. in America is automatically a citizen of Nigeria.
5. Honourary Citizen: The government of Nigeria may confer an honourary citizenship on an outstanding personality from another country.
Sub – Topic: Process of becoming a citizen of a country
If a foreign person wants to become a citizen of Nigeria by registration, he can become a citizen of Nigeria by following this process.
1. He or she must be above 18 years and of good character
2. He or she must have spent at least 15 years in Nigeria before such application is tendered.
3. He or she must be willing to renounce his or her former citizenship
4. The person must show clear intention to live in Nigeria till death hence, he will take an oath of loyalty to the Federal Republic of Nigeria. This is called “Oath of allegiance”.
This is an example:
I, (name of person) do solemnly swear that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to the Federal Republic of Nigeria and that I will preserve, protect and defend the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. So help me God.
Signature
Evaluation:
1. Define citizen and citizenship.
2. List four types of citizenship
3. Describe briefly how a Ghanaian can become a citizen of Nigeria.
Sub – Topic: Meaning of citizen and Citizenship
A citizen is a person who is recognized by law as a member of a country. A citizen enjoys certain rights and privileges which are written in the constitution of a country to ensure that everyone knows those rights and respects them. Duties are also assigned to a legal citizen of a country .Thus; citizenship is membership in a community, society or country
Types of citizenship
1. By Birth: when one is born in a particular country, he or she automatically becomes a citizen of that country. For example, a person born in Nigeria and whose parents are Nigerians is qualified to be a Nigerian citizen.
2. Naturalization: this is through application when such person can pledge his or her allegiance to a particular country.
3. Registration: A woman who is a citizen of another country but married to a Nigerian husband is a citizen of Nigeria by registration.
4. Descent: A person born outside Nigeria, but whose parents are Nigerians is a citizen of Nigeria by descent. For instance, a child born by Nigerian couple in London or Washington D.C. in America is automatically a citizen of Nigeria.
5. Honourary Citizen: The government of Nigeria may confer an honourary citizenship on an outstanding personality from another country.
Sub – Topic: Process of becoming a citizen of a country
If a foreign person wants to become a citizen of Nigeria by registration, he can become a citizen of Nigeria by following this process.
1. He or she must be above 18 years and of good character
2. He or she must have spent at least 15 years in Nigeria before such application is tendered.
3. He or she must be willing to renounce his or her former citizenship
4. The person must show clear intention to live in Nigeria till death hence, he will take an oath of loyalty to the Federal Republic of Nigeria. This is called “Oath of allegiance”.
This is an example:
I, (name of person) do solemnly swear that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to the Federal Republic of Nigeria and that I will preserve, protect and defend the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. So help me God.
Signature
Evaluation:
1. Define citizen and citizenship.
2. List four types of citizenship
3. Describe briefly how a Ghanaian can become a citizen of Nigeria.
WEEK 8
Topic: RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZENSHIP
(i) Meaning of Rights and Duties
Rights are claims of individuals as citizens of a country. These rights include:
i. Right to life;
ii. Right to personal liberty;
iii. Right to fair hearing;
iv. Right to dignity of human person;
v. Right to education;
vi. Right to freedom of association;
vii. Freedom to vote and to be voted for during election; etc.
Duties on the other hand, are the obligations and actions which are expected from citizens in return for the rights of freedom they enjoy as citizen of a country. For example it is our duty as citizens:
1. To pay taxes and other levies promptly;
2. To vote during election;
3. To obey the law of the country
(iii) Differences between: Rights” e.g. Voting rights and “Duties” (e.g. payment of taxes, obedience to the law) of citizens
RIGHTS DUTIES
Rights are benefits of a citizen in a country Duties are things expected of a citizen of country to do
Rights of citizens are contained in the constitution of the country Duties are things expected of citizens by the constitution.
Rights protects citizens basic freedom Citizen must perform their duties to enjoy their freedom
Rights are what we must have Duties are what we must do.
Sub – Topic: Importance of citizens’ rights and duties.
1. SOCIAL CONTROL: Rights and duties will serve as a guide to human conduct and relationship in the society. Therefore, limits to rights and duties will enable citizens to control themselves in the society.
2. PEACE: Rights, when are respected will help to guarantee peace in the society and therefore help to ensure political stability in the society.
3. DUE PROCESS: The rules of law are for due process, which will be ensured when citizens perform their rights and duties to the state
4. DISCIPLINE: When people obey the law, there will be discipline in the society. This will guarantee an orderly society.
Evaluation
1. Define the terms rights and duties
2. In tabular form give three differences between rights and duties
3. Give three importance of citizens’ rights and duties.
(i) Meaning of Rights and Duties
Rights are claims of individuals as citizens of a country. These rights include:
i. Right to life;
ii. Right to personal liberty;
iii. Right to fair hearing;
iv. Right to dignity of human person;
v. Right to education;
vi. Right to freedom of association;
vii. Freedom to vote and to be voted for during election; etc.
Duties on the other hand, are the obligations and actions which are expected from citizens in return for the rights of freedom they enjoy as citizen of a country. For example it is our duty as citizens:
1. To pay taxes and other levies promptly;
2. To vote during election;
3. To obey the law of the country
(iii) Differences between: Rights” e.g. Voting rights and “Duties” (e.g. payment of taxes, obedience to the law) of citizens
RIGHTS DUTIES
Rights are benefits of a citizen in a country Duties are things expected of a citizen of country to do
Rights of citizens are contained in the constitution of the country Duties are things expected of citizens by the constitution.
Rights protects citizens basic freedom Citizen must perform their duties to enjoy their freedom
Rights are what we must have Duties are what we must do.
Sub – Topic: Importance of citizens’ rights and duties.
1. SOCIAL CONTROL: Rights and duties will serve as a guide to human conduct and relationship in the society. Therefore, limits to rights and duties will enable citizens to control themselves in the society.
2. PEACE: Rights, when are respected will help to guarantee peace in the society and therefore help to ensure political stability in the society.
3. DUE PROCESS: The rules of law are for due process, which will be ensured when citizens perform their rights and duties to the state
4. DISCIPLINE: When people obey the law, there will be discipline in the society. This will guarantee an orderly society.
Evaluation
1. Define the terms rights and duties
2. In tabular form give three differences between rights and duties
3. Give three importance of citizens’ rights and duties.
WEEK 9
REVISION/STUDY QUESTIONS
(OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS)
1. Value means ………… (a) Acceptability (b) Goodness (c) How individual considers certain things; principles or ideas people attached to things based on their sense of values (d) How individual appreciates the system of a political party
2. Value is very important because (a) It enhances good behaviors, attitudes and feelings in the society (b) It does not recognize the importance of a particular thing (c) It gives room for frivolous thing (d) None of the above
3. One of the factors that promote good value system is ………
(a) Intolerance (b) Tolerance (c) Inconsistency (d) All of the above
4. …………………………is the attitude of standing for the truth and being identified with study behaviours (a) Commitment (b) fairness (c) Honesty (d) Integrity
5. One of the consequences of dishonesty is ……… (a) Reward
(b) Approval (c) Promotion (d) Shame
6. Co-operation is the working together of people to achieve a common purpose or goal. (a) true (b) False (c) All of the above (e) None of the above
7. One of the attributes of Co-operation is ………… (a) Sharing (b) Disobedience (c) Disagreement
(d) Acknowledgement
8. One of these is a factor that promotes or encourages cooperation
(a) There should not be social justice in the society
(b) Need when the needs of the people are met
(c) Bribery and corruption must not be wiped out in the organization and society
(d) Tolerance must not be part of the system
9. Which of these is one of the benefits of co-operation?
(a) Co-operation leads to team work (b) There will be no peace in the society (c) There will be no goals (d) Co-operation leads to intolerance
10. Self reliance means …………… (a) To be very proud (b) To be above
board (c) This is the habit of living in a life that one depends on the ability
oneself to make it in life (d) To determine to make it in life.
11. The attributes of self reliance includes: (a) Hard work (b) Dedication (c) Independence (d) All of the above
12. How do we identifying one’s natural talents? Through………. (a) Parental Discovery (b) Reading (c) Vocational training (d) Risk bearing
13. One of the benefits of self reliance is (a) Self sustenance (b) It will improve the standard of living of our society (c) Self reliance will not lead to development of the society (d) A self reliance person will not be able to assist the less privileged group in the society
14……….. is a way of nurturing talent (a) laziness (b) constant practice (c) lack of concentration (d) praying only.
15. Undiscovered talent can lead to all but one of the following. (a) Poverty (b) Backwardness (c) Academic success (d) Frustration
16. Which of these is the correct definition of citizenship? (a) A citizen is a person that is not recognized by law as a member of a country (b) A citizen is a person who is recognized by law as a member of country (c) A citizen does not enjoy any right at all (d) None of the above
17. Types of citizenship include: (a) Birth (b) Naturalisation (c) Registration(d) All of the above
18. Rights mean one of the following ……… (a) Ability to speak with one voice (b) Rights are privileges which law permits (d) Rights are those things that will not allow us to develop our qualities fully
19. One of the following promotes co-operation in the society. (a) desire to work alone (b) un friendliness (c) Understanding one another (d) pride.
20 Talent can be nurtured by the following except (a) constant practice (b) encouragement from other people (c) hiding your talent from others (d) interacting with people of similar talent.
(Theory Questions)
1. i. Explain the meaning of values
ii. Mention two importance of values in the society
iii. List three factors that promote good values
2. i. Explain the meaning of honesty
ii. List three attributes of honesty
iii. Enumerate three benefits of honesty
iv. Describe two consequences of honesty
3. i. Define cooperation and give two examples
ii. List three attributes of co-operation
iii. Mention four factors that promote co-operation
iv. Enumerate three factors of cooperation
4. i. Define self reliance
ii. Discuss three benefits of self-reliance
iii. Enumerate five natural talents that people possesses
5 i. Describe the term citizen
ii. Explain the concept of citizenship
iii. Name two different types of citizenship
iv. Explain the meaning of citizens’ right and duties.
v. Mention three importance of rights and duties of citizens
(OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS)
1. Value means ………… (a) Acceptability (b) Goodness (c) How individual considers certain things; principles or ideas people attached to things based on their sense of values (d) How individual appreciates the system of a political party
2. Value is very important because (a) It enhances good behaviors, attitudes and feelings in the society (b) It does not recognize the importance of a particular thing (c) It gives room for frivolous thing (d) None of the above
3. One of the factors that promote good value system is ………
(a) Intolerance (b) Tolerance (c) Inconsistency (d) All of the above
4. …………………………is the attitude of standing for the truth and being identified with study behaviours (a) Commitment (b) fairness (c) Honesty (d) Integrity
5. One of the consequences of dishonesty is ……… (a) Reward
(b) Approval (c) Promotion (d) Shame
6. Co-operation is the working together of people to achieve a common purpose or goal. (a) true (b) False (c) All of the above (e) None of the above
7. One of the attributes of Co-operation is ………… (a) Sharing (b) Disobedience (c) Disagreement
(d) Acknowledgement
8. One of these is a factor that promotes or encourages cooperation
(a) There should not be social justice in the society
(b) Need when the needs of the people are met
(c) Bribery and corruption must not be wiped out in the organization and society
(d) Tolerance must not be part of the system
9. Which of these is one of the benefits of co-operation?
(a) Co-operation leads to team work (b) There will be no peace in the society (c) There will be no goals (d) Co-operation leads to intolerance
10. Self reliance means …………… (a) To be very proud (b) To be above
board (c) This is the habit of living in a life that one depends on the ability
oneself to make it in life (d) To determine to make it in life.
11. The attributes of self reliance includes: (a) Hard work (b) Dedication (c) Independence (d) All of the above
12. How do we identifying one’s natural talents? Through………. (a) Parental Discovery (b) Reading (c) Vocational training (d) Risk bearing
13. One of the benefits of self reliance is (a) Self sustenance (b) It will improve the standard of living of our society (c) Self reliance will not lead to development of the society (d) A self reliance person will not be able to assist the less privileged group in the society
14……….. is a way of nurturing talent (a) laziness (b) constant practice (c) lack of concentration (d) praying only.
15. Undiscovered talent can lead to all but one of the following. (a) Poverty (b) Backwardness (c) Academic success (d) Frustration
16. Which of these is the correct definition of citizenship? (a) A citizen is a person that is not recognized by law as a member of a country (b) A citizen is a person who is recognized by law as a member of country (c) A citizen does not enjoy any right at all (d) None of the above
17. Types of citizenship include: (a) Birth (b) Naturalisation (c) Registration(d) All of the above
18. Rights mean one of the following ……… (a) Ability to speak with one voice (b) Rights are privileges which law permits (d) Rights are those things that will not allow us to develop our qualities fully
19. One of the following promotes co-operation in the society. (a) desire to work alone (b) un friendliness (c) Understanding one another (d) pride.
20 Talent can be nurtured by the following except (a) constant practice (b) encouragement from other people (c) hiding your talent from others (d) interacting with people of similar talent.
(Theory Questions)
1. i. Explain the meaning of values
ii. Mention two importance of values in the society
iii. List three factors that promote good values
2. i. Explain the meaning of honesty
ii. List three attributes of honesty
iii. Enumerate three benefits of honesty
iv. Describe two consequences of honesty
3. i. Define cooperation and give two examples
ii. List three attributes of co-operation
iii. Mention four factors that promote co-operation
iv. Enumerate three factors of cooperation
4. i. Define self reliance
ii. Discuss three benefits of self-reliance
iii. Enumerate five natural talents that people possesses
5 i. Describe the term citizen
ii. Explain the concept of citizenship
iii. Name two different types of citizenship
iv. Explain the meaning of citizens’ right and duties.
v. Mention three importance of rights and duties of citizens
