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SCHEME OF WORK FOR JSS 1 SECOND TERM
WEEKS TOPICS
1. Drug Abuse/Addiction/Misuse
- Meaning of drugs
- Uses and side effects of drugs.

2. Sources of drugs
- Drugs/Substance abuse

3. Prevention of STIs, HIV/AIDS
- Definition of STIs, HIV/AIDS
- Preventive measure
- Safe age for production
- Abstinence
- Responsible sexual behavior
- Avoid use of unscreened blood, injection needles and clippers.

4. The Earth in Space
- The solar system
- Rotation and revolution of the Earth and moon.

5. Description of Eclipse, Climate and Seasons.

6. Matter
- Meaning of Matter
- Identification of matter

7. Classification of matter
- States of Matter

8. Plants and Animals
- Examples
- Characteristics
- Uses/importance
- Food
- Medicine
- Shelter
- Economic importance

9. Characteristics of Living Things
- Difference between plants and animals.

10. Activities of Living Things
- Types e.g. movement, feeding, reproduction etc.
- Associated organs: Purpose/Importance of the Activities.

11. Revision

TOPIC: DRUG ABUSE/ADDICTION/MISUSE
CONTENT: 1. Meaning and uses of Drugs.
2. Side effects of drugs.
3 Drugs\ substances abuse and Misuse



SUB-TOPIC 1: MEANING AND USES OF DRUG
Drugs can be defined as any substance used to make medicine to cure disease and ailment or any substance which when introduced in to the body cures the body illness.
Examples of drugs are
I. Aspirin
II. Phensic
III. Panadol
IV. Kola nut
V. Alcohol

Drugs are divided into two major ones, these are
I. Common drugs- e.g. Aspirin, Phensic, Panadol, etc.
II. Hard drugs – e.g. Cocaine, Heroine

USES OF DRUGS
I. Drug can be used for medical purpose.
II. It is used to reduce weight
III. It is used to reduce pain
IV. It is used to reduce sleep
V. It is used as stimulant
VI. It is used to cure illness.


SUB-TOPIC 2 : SIDE EFFECTS OF DRUGS.
When drugs are used in wrong way, they can lead to the following effects.
I. They weaken the body
II. They shorten one’s life span
III. They can damage the internal organs of the body
IV. They can bring about lack of concentration
V. They damage the brain
VI. They bring about irregular breathing
VII. They result in economical wastage.
VIII. Lose or gain weight
IX. Isolation
X. Lose interest in school

CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
1. Narcotics e. g Opium
2. Sedatives and Hypnotics e .g Barbiturates
3. Tranquilizers e. g Valium, Librum.
4. Hallucinogens e. g LSD (Lysergic acid diethyamide) and Marijuana.
5. Stimulants e .g Amphetamine, Cocaine,


EVALUATION
1.. Define drug
2. Mention some drugs you know



SUB-TOPIC 3: DRUGS\ SUBSTANCES ABUSE AND MISUSE

WHAT IS DRUG ABUSE?
Drug Abuse is the taking of medically prescribed drugs inappropriately. It is self administration of drugs without medical supervision. It is also referred to harmful or problematic use of drugs. SUBSTANCE ABUSE: This covers other substances which are not drugs. They include mineral drinks, sugar, tea, alcohol, coffee, kola nuts, tobacco, aspirin and other pain killers.
Alcohol affects the body by first making you excited, then making you depressed. The other substances affect the body by causing excitement and preventing sleep.

How drugs can be abused.
1. Taking the prescribed drugs for a purpose other than that which it was intended
2. Taking a dosage other than the recommended.
3. Taking drugs to induce sleep without prescription from a qualified medical doctor
4. Taking drugs to gain confidence or boldness
5. Taking drugs to attain full sexual satisfaction without prescription.
6. Sharing a prescribed drug with other people
7. Taking drugs that are not prescribed by Doctors.
8. Taking of Expired drugs ignorantly.

MISUSE OF DRUGS
Some athletics use drugs in form of stimulants
It is also used as muscle builder.
It is also used to enhance one’s performances in competition.



EVALUATION
i. What are the uses of drug?
ii. Kindly write out some side effects of drugs

READING ASSIGNMENT:
Read Basic Science Made Easy by F.I. Kehinde pages 60-63. Read STAN pages 98-99.

ASSIGNMENT
1. What are drugs?
2. State the medical uses of two drugs.



TOPIC: Drug Abuse
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Meaning and Classification of Drugs
REFERENCE BOOKS: Basic Science for J.s.s 1 by Ndu et al
Progressive Integrated Science for J.s.s 1 by Danquah

OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)define a drug
(ii)define drug misuse
(iii)define substance abuse
(iv)define drug addiction



CONTENT:
MEANING OF DRUGS
A drug is any substance, other than food, that by its chemical or physical nature, can affect the structure or functions in a living organism.
Drug misuse means the use of a drug for a purpose or condition for which it is not suited.
The term "substance abuse" is used to cover the abuse of all substances, whether they are drugs or not.
Drug addiction occurs when a person who uses a drug tends to use it again. After a long a period of repeated use ,the person not only use it again and again, but becomes unable to do without it. The term "habituation", "addiction" and "dependence" are all used to describe this situation.

http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advic ... gabuse.htm

http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/drugs/Pages/ ... abuse.aspx

EVALUATION:
What is a drug?
What is drug misuse?
What is substance abuse?
What is drug addiction?
ASSIGNMENT: Mention five consequences of drug abuse

further studies
http://www.zmescience.com/medicine/drugs-test-09012012/

http://health.ninemsn.com.au/family/fam ... ir-effects



LESSON 31
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Classification of Drugs
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)mention the five classes/groups of drugs
(ii)mention the uses of drugs

CONTENT:
CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
All drugs that affect the mind fall into one of the following five groups:
 Narcotics
 Sedatives
 Tranquilizers
 Stimulants
 Hallucinogens


http://www.scribd.com/doc/95251/Classif ... ir-Effects

USES OF DRUGS
When drugs are administered under proper medical supervision they can serve three main objectives which are:
 To relieve suffering
 To combat disease and
 To save life

EVALUATION:
What are the five classes/groups of drugs?
What are the five uses of drugs?

CLASS WORK: Mention five ways in which drugs have helped you

further studies
http://library.thinkquest.org/C0115926/byeffects.htm

http://health.ninemsn.com.au/family/fam ... ir-effects

http://www.humehealth.com.au/haod/browse.asp?page=350



LESSON 32
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Side Effects of Drugs
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)outline the medical uses of drugs
(ii)mention some of the side effects of drugs

CONTENT:
MEDICAL USES OF DRUGS
1. Narcotics make people sleep and relieve pain.
2. Opium is primarily the source of drug morphine, which is used mainly to kill pain arising from accident or disease.
3. It also controls coughing in diseases of the respiratory organs.
4. Sedatives help to relax the central nervous system and induce sleep



http://www.rxlist.com/script/main/art.a ... key=104622

EVALUATION:
What are the medical uses of drugs?
What are the side effects of drugs?

ASSIGNMENT: (1)What is the full meaning of NAFDAC?
(2)Why was NAFDAC set up?

practice test
http://checkyourself.com/Quiz.aspx

http://www.acde.org/youth/quiz.htm

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline ... izzes.html

http://www.quizmoz.com/quizzes/Health-Q ... l-Quiz.asp



TOPIC: Sources of Drugs
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Drugs/Substance Abuse
REFERENCE BOOKS: Basic Science for J.s.s 1 by Ndu et al
Progressive Integrated Science for J.s.s 1 by Danquah

OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i) mention the countries where marijuana is grown.
(ii)Describe how marijuana is processed
(iii) give examples of drinks containing alcohol



CONTENT:
SOURCES OF DRUGS

MARIJUANA

The Indian Hemp (whose scientific name is Cannabis sativa) is grown in India, Arabia, North Africa and most countries of the northern temperate zone. The leaves and flowers are prepared and taken in various forms; they may be eaten, drunk, inhaled or smoked. It is not used medicinally. Often the leaves are simply dried, powdered and mixed with tobacco in cigarette or smoked alone.





http://alcoholism.about.com/od/pot/a/effects.-Lya.htm

http://www.doitnow.org/pages/126.html


OPIUM
This is obtained from puppy plant found in Asia Minor. It is found as weed and may be grown as an ornamental flower. The fruit is scratched with knife at sunset and in the morning the dried latex is scrapped off by hand. The dried latex is kneaded into balls which drug traffickers market.




http://teenager-drug-rehab.blogspot.com ... opium.html


COCAINE
The drug cocaine is obtained from the coca tree which grows wild in South America. The commercial drug is obtained from the dried leaves by extraction with alcohol.



http://alcoholism.about.com/od/coke/a/cocaine.htm

http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/coca ... ts-effects


o ALCOHOL
Alcohol is a chemical present in varying amounts in palm wine, wine, beer, stout and strong alcoholic drinks such as whiskey, gin, schnapps, rum and others. Alcohol is made normally from by yeast fermentation of materials that contain sugar. This sugar can be obtained from palm wine, grape juice e.t.c



http://www2.potsdam.edu/hansondj/

http://mentorfoundation.org/drugs.php?nav=4-47&id=2

http://www.medicinenet.com/alcohol_abus ... rticle.htm


o CIGARETTES/TOBACCO
Tobacco plant is grown commercially in several countries of Africa, in large quantities in Zimbabwe, Nigeria and other countries. Dried leaves of the tobacco plant are processed into tobacco for pipe smokers, cigars and cigarettes.





http://quitsmoking.about.com/od/tobacco ... eSmoke.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/smoking_effe ... rticle.htm


EVALUATION:
In what countries is marijuana grown?
How is marijuana processed?
What are alcoholic drinks?

ASSIGNMENT: Give 5 reasons why drug trafficking should be controlled by the government.

further studies
http://www.funtrivia.com/trivia-quiz/Sc ... 71947.html



LESSON 34
SPECIFIC TOPIC: SUBSTANCE ABUSE
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)define substance abuse
(ii) mention the causes of substance abuse

CONTENT:

SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Substance abuse refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs. Psychoactive substance use can lead to dependence syndrome - a cluster of behavioural, cognitive, and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated substance use and that typically include a strong desire to take the drug, difficulties in controlling its use, persisting in its use despite harmful consequences, a higher priority given to drug use than to other activities and obligations, increased tolerance, and sometimes a physical withdrawal state.

Policies which influence the levels and patterns of substance use and related harm can significantly reduce the public health problems attributable to substance use, and interventions at the health care system level can work towards the restoration of health in affected individuals.


The term "substance abuse" is more inclusive than drug abuse and is used
to cover the abuse of all substances, whether they are drugs or not. Substances which are abused are sugar and soft drinks.



CAUSES OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Some of the causes of substance abuse are:

 CURIOSITY: some young people start taking drugs as a result of a desire to find out how it feels to take drugs. Curiosity leads them to experiment. From repeated experiments, they become drug abusers.

 LACK OF SELF CONFIDENCE: young people take drugs to boost their self confidence and eventually lead to habitual taking of the drug.

 TRYING TO FIT IN A PEER GROUP: young people like to do what other persons of their age group do.

 SEARCH FOR EXCITEMENT: some people take drugs because it feels good and give them some excitement.

 TRYING TO HAVE A GROWN UP FEELING: some youths take drugs because it gives them a feeling of being grown up



EVALUATION:
What is substance abuse?
What are the causes of substance abuse?

CLASS WORK: Mention the disadvantages of self prescription of drugs

further studies
http://alcoholism.about.com/cs/drugs/a/aa030425a.htm

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/substanc ... cle_em.htm

http://helpguide.org/mental/drug_substa ... atment.htm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/subs ... blems.html


practice test
http://nursingplanet.com/Quiz/substance ... quiz5.html

http://www.doctoroz.com/quiz/substance-abuse-quiz


LESSON 35
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Side Effects of Drugs
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)mention the side effects of drugs

CONTENT:
SIDE EFFECTS OF DRUGS
 Narcotics act as depressants to certain areas of the brain and parts of the nervous system. They can also reduce hunger and thirst in addition to pain.

 Opium when inhaled in smoke causes a drowsy loss of the senses.

 Overdose of cocaine causes death.

 The person being harmed by the drug abuse will not be able to stop its usage.





EVALUATION:
What are the side effects of drugs?

ASSIGNMENT: describe the harmful effects of tobacco on human health

further studies
http://www.med.unc.edu/alcohol/prevention/health.html

http://www.ehow.com/about_4779235_side- ... abuse.html

http://www.drugrehabadvice.org/drug-use ... fects.html


practice test
http://www.stewardhealth.org/disease_an ... Abuse_Quiz

http://www.stopmedicineabuse.org/quiz/

TOPIC: DISEASE PREVENTION
CONTENT
1. Water borne diseases and Sources of clean water
2. Water treatment processes
3. Immunization against human diseases

SUB-TOPIC 1: WATER BORNE DISEASES
Diseases caused by unclean (dirty) water are called water borne diseases. The following are some of the water borne diseases.

1. CHOLERA: It is caused by harmful bacteria that inflame the intestine and cause extreme diarrhea. Cholera is the most common diseases that can be contacted by drinking unclean water.
The symptom of cholera is frequent stooling with vomiting which lead to dehydration. Cholera can be prevented by boiling water before drinking.

2. DYSENTRY: It can be caused by a one-celled animal called Amoeba or by certain bacteria.

3. DIARRHOEA: the symptom of diarrhea is frequent stooling which leads to dehydration, abdominal pains, bloating of the belly, feverish conditions and cramps. To prevent diarrhea, the food we eat and our drinking water should be hygienic.

4. TYPHOID: It is caused by bacteria called salmolena typhi. Symptoms of typhoid fever manifest within three weeks of infection.
Symptoms include feeling cold, serious headache, running stomach,
Constipation, enlarged liver and spleen and high fever. Typhoid fever could be prevented by boiling water before drinking, hygienic handling of food and being immunized against the diseases.


SOURCES OF CLEAN WATER.
1 Pipe-borne water
2 Spring water.
3 Rain water
4 Deep well water


EVALUATION
Mention three water borne diseases.
List the sources of clean water.



SUB-TOPIC: 2: WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES

FILTERATION: - This is the process of removing impurities i.e. mud, soil, leaves from water. Filter paper is used in the laboratory while filter beds are used at water co-operations.

CHLORINATION: - Chlorine gas is added to water to kill bacteria. It is harmless to human beings. It is also used to purify the water in swimming pools.

DISTILLATION: - This is a process of obtaining pure water from impure water by using an apparatus called Lie Bib Condenser.

DESALINATION: - This is the process of taking away salt from sea water. FLOCCULATION: This is the dissolution and stirring of alum in water to make tiny solid particles suspended in water to stick together (flocculate).


ADVANTAGES OF USING PIPE-BORNE WATER
1. It is clean and colourless.
2. It is odourless.
3. it is tasteless.
4. It is conveniently available in the home.
5. It is treated to kill disease-causing living organisms.
6. Suspended matter has been removed.


SUB-TOPIC 3: IMMUNIZATION AGAINST HUMAN DISEASES
Immunization is a method of stimulating resistance against specific diseases in the human body using microorganisms (bacteria or viruses) that have been modified or killed. It is also called vaccination or inoculation. The system in the body that keeps disease-causing organisms from entering our body is called Immune system. Immunization of the child begins during pregnancy. The deadly diseases that require immunization are Polio, chickenpox, Pneumonia, measles, whooping cough, hepatitis, malaria, tuberculosis, cholera, tetanus diphtheria etc.


Where to get immunization is a reputable hospital e. g government hospital around you.



EVALUATION
1. Name three diseases that are caused by unclean water
2. What are anti-bodies? Explain how they work
3. list all the methods of purifying unclean water
4. What is immunization?

READING ASSIGNMENT: Read basic science made easy by F.I. Kehinde pages 48-55.

ASSIGNMENT

1. List examples of diseases immunization can prevent.
2. Write down the time table for various immunizations.

TOPIC: PREVENTION OF STI’S, HIV/AIDS.

CONTENTS
1. Definition of STI’s HIV\AIDS
2. Signs of HIV/AIDS and how it can be transfered.
3. How to prevent HIV/AIDS

SUB-TOPIC 1: DEFINITION OF STI’S HIV\AIDS.


STI’S means sexually transmitted infections. These are diseases that can be contracted through sexual activities. Examples include gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, Chlamydia, Candida infections and HIV and AIDS.


HIV-AIDS : Aids is a very dangerous disease. The full meaning of AIDS is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. An aid is caused by a virus called Human Immune deficiency Virus (HIV). HIV-AIDS has no cure yet. Human body has an Immune defense system which protects our bodies against attacks from diseases. The virus (HIV) damages this Immune defense system.

When the virus is in the body; it is said to be HIV positive and that is what develops to HIV-AIDS. When this happens, the person’s body will not be able to fight any other diseases (such as fever, cough, tuberculosis, pneumonia etc) that attack person. The person will die after some time. HIV-AIDS can affect anybody no matter the age.



SAFE AGE FOR REPRODUCTION

The safe age for reproduction is when somebody is fully matured and ready to take responsibilities. You have to answer the following questions
1. Are you matured enough, physically, socially and emotionally?
2. Have you finished schooling?
3. Do you have a good job to take care of the family you are about to start raising up?



EVALUATION
1. What are sexually transmitted diseases?
2. What is the full meaning of HIV and AIDS?
3. Examples of STI are? (3 Examples)
4. STI fully means



SUB-TOPIC 2: SIGNS OF HIV/AIDS AND HOW IT CAN BE TRANSFER.
There are some signs/ symptoms of HIV but positively infected person may or may not experience signs or illness immediately. It may take months and even five years before the person feels ill.

SIGNS OF AIDS
1. Unexpected weight loss
2. Getting tired easily
3. Fever that is lasting more than one month.
4. Diarrhea which is longer than one man
5. Cold sores (wounds) all over the body
6. Swollen glands at two or more places on the body for more than three months
7. Coughing
8. Sweating profusely.

HOW TO DETECT HIV
It can only be detected through blood test. It does not show in face or body, until it develops into AIDS. It can be passed from man to woman or woman to man.


WAYS THROUGH WHICH AIDS CAN BE TRANSFERRED


I. Through sexual intercourse
II. Transfusion of unscreened blood
III. Contaminated injection needles and syringes, razor blades, knife and other sharp objects.
IV. Through contaminated instrument during ear piercing, circumcision and putting of
tribal marks
V. Pregnant mothers to unborn babies


PREVENTION OF STI’S AND HIV-AIDS


i. Abstinence from sex when you are not married
ii. Husbands and wives should be faithful to each other
iii. Use sterilized clippers, needles and injections
iv. Screen the blood vary well before transfusion or passing to the
body of a sick person. Safe age for reproduction is full adult.
v. Boys and girls should wait till time of marriage before having sex.
vi. Do not have boy or girl friend before marriage.

EVALUATION
1. What are antibodies and what are their functions?
2. What are ways of preventing STI and HIV
3. Name three diseases that are caused by contact with human waste and dirty water.
4. How can you detect HIV-AIDS
5. What is the function of the body immune defense system?

READING ASSIGNMENT
STAN pages 94-95 and basic science made easy by Kehinde pages 56-59.

ASSIGNMENT
Discuss the consequences of irresponsible sexual behavior among youths.

TOPIC: THE EARTH IN SPACE

CONTENT: 1. The solar system.
2. Rotation, evolution of the earth and moon.
3. The place beyond the atmosphere which is extremely large
Is called space.

SUB-TOPIC 1: THE SOLAR SYSTEM
The planet earth, on which we live, is moving through space all the time. It is going round the sun. In doing this, it carries us all through space. The earth travels through the space but we do not realize this because the air around the earth is carried along with it. The sun together with all the bodies which revolves round it makes up the solar system. The solar system consists of the sun, nine planets, 32 moons which revolve round some of the planets, many comets and asteroids.

The planets are
I. Mercury
II. Venus
III. Earth
IV. Mars
V. Jupiter
VI. Saturn
VII. Uranus
VIII. Neptune
IX. Pluto.



EVALUATION
1. Define the solar system?
2. List the nine planets.


SUB-TOPIC 2: ROTATION, EVOLUTION OF THE EARTH AND MOON.

ROTATION OF THE EARTH
The earth rotates about an axis through the north and south poles. As the earth rotates different parts of its surface come into the light from the sun. The area that is receiving light from the sun has day, and that which is away from the sun has night. The time it takes to rotate round its own axis is one day (24 hours).


ROTATION OF THE MOON
The moon is a satellite of the earth and it revolves round it once in about 29 days. Five phases occur during the rotation of the moon. They are as follows:
I. New moon
II. Quarter moon
III. Half moon
IV. Three quarter moon
V. Full moon.


EVALUATION
1. Why is moon referred to as a satellite?
2. What happens during the rotation of the earth?
3. State the types of phases you can see when you observe the moon.
4. In which of the planets do you live?

ASSIGNMENT
1. What is space?
2. Define the term satellite.

READING ASSIGNMENT
Read basic science made easy pages 98-103 and Stan pages 122-123,133.




TOPIC: The Earth in space
SPECIFIC TOPIC: The Solar system
REFERENCE BOOKS: Basic Science for J.s.s 1 by Ndu et al
Progressive Integrated Science for J.s.s 1 by Danquah
Microsoft Encarta 2009
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)describe the Earth
(ii)define lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere
(iii)mention all the nine planets

CONTENT:
THE EARTH IN SPACE
The Earth is a natural body which revolves in space around the sun. It is one of the planets because they are nearer the sun than the others. From the sun outwards, these are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. The Earth is spherical in shape and consists of a solid part known as the lithosphere, the waters covering the Earth surface is known as the hydrosphere, and the gaseous envelope that surrounds the other two parts is known as the atmosphere.
Beyond the atmosphere there is a space with no air or other matter, this space is called outer space. The top layer of the solid Earth is called the Earth's crust. Below this is the mantle which contains denser rock than the crust. In the centre of the Earth is the core.




THE SOLAR SYSTEM
The word "solar" is derived from the Latin word "solus"which means sun. The solar system consists of the sun and nine natural heavenly bodies which move around it. These bodies are called the planets. They are:
 Mercury
 Venus
 Earth
 Mars
 Jupiter
 Saturn
 Uranus
 Neptune
 Pluto

The Solar system
The sun and the planets mutually attract one another. All the planets revolve round the sun, each in its own orbit.

http://www.kidsastronomy.com/earth.htm


EVALUATION:
What is the Earth?
What are lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere?
What are the nine planets?

ASSIGNMENT: Draw and label the solar system

further studies
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/9-space.htm

practice test
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/s ... pace-quiz/

http://www.kidsastronomy.com/fun/quiz.htm

TOPIC: DESCRIPTION OF ECLIPSE, CLIMATE AND SEASONS.

CONTENT:
1. Eclipse
2. Climate and the Seasons.

SUB-TOPIC 1: ECLIPSE

Sun is a large luminous body from which light shines on to the earth and the moon. Because of the movement of the earth and the moon, it is possible for one to shield (Eclipse) the other from the sun. Therefore, Eclipse is darkening of the Sun in the middle of the day .



TYPES OF ECLIPSE
There are three types of eclipse
1. AN ECLIPSE OF THE MOON: This is formed when the earth comes between the sun and the moon; the moon is in the shadow of the earth.


2. AN ECLIPSE OF THE SUN: This is formed when the moon passes between the earth and the sun, the shadow of the moon falls on parts of the earth.


3. ANNULAR ECLIPSE: A time when the moon is so far away from the earth that no region of total shadow falls on the earth. The moon is then observed against the circular sun.


EVALUATION
1. What is eclipse of the moon?
2. Explain the eclipse of the sun




TOPIC: Description of eclipse
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Eclipse of the sun
REFERENCE BOOKS: Basic Science for J.s.s 1 by Ndu et al
Progressive Integrated Science for J.s.s 1 by Danquah
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)define eclipse
(ii)describe the eclipse of the sun

CONTENT:
DESCRIPTION OF ECLIPSE, CLIMATE AND SEASONS
An Eclipse is the total or partial disappearance from view of a heavenly body, as a result of another heavenly body coming between that heavenly body and the observer. It is a natural event and does not signify that some evil is about to occur in the world. Eclipses are caused by the revolutions of the earth and the moon.



ECLIPSE OF THE SUN
The earth is a planet that revolves round the sun. The moon is a satellite of the earth that revolves round the earth. Neither the earth nor the moon produces its own light. Both of them receive light from the sun. If during the revolutions of the earth and moon, the moon comes between the sun and the earth, the moon will block out the light of the sun from reaching the earth, persons on earth or in all parts of it, will not see the sun for a short time.
The earth will become dark for some time during the day, until the moon again moves out of that position.




DIAGRAMATIC REPRESENTATION OF THE ECLIPSE OF THE SUN
http://www.mreclipse.com/Special/SEprimer.html


EVALUATION:
What is Eclipse?
What is the eclipse of the sun?

ASSIGNMENT: differentiate between eclipse of the sun and the moon

further studies
http://www.africamasterweb.com/AdSense/ ... March.html


practice test
http://www.factmonster.com/quizzes/eclipse1/1.html

http://kids.discovery.com/quizzes/space/big-space-quiz

http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/phys ... iz431.html

http://www.astronomyquiz.info/lunar-eclipses-quiz.html

http://www.astronomyquiz.info/solar-eclipses-quiz.html

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0 ... _quiz.html

http://www.qldscienceteachers.com/junio ... ht-seasons






LESSON 43
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Climate and Weather
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)define weather
(ii)define climate
(iii)mention the elements of weather and climate
(iv)state the importance of weather and climate

CONTENT:
CLIMATE
Climate is defined as the atmospheric condition of a place over a long period of time, usually a period of one year. Climate involves the observation of the average weather condition of a place. But weather is defined as the atmospheric condition of a place for a short period of time. Weather involves the observation of an element of the atmospheric condition.

ELEMENTS OF WEATHER AND CLIMATE
Elements of weather and climate include: Temperature, rainfall, wind, cloud cover and sunshine. Factors affecting weather and climate include attitude continental, ocean current, natural vegetation and soil.


IMPORTANCE OF WEATHER AND CLIMATE
These include health, environmental hazard, vegetation, clothing, housing, agricultural and cultural activities.


EVALUATION:
What is weather?
What is Climate?
What are the elements of weather and climate?
What is the importance of weather and climate?

CLASS WORK : mention the instruments for measuring the elements of weather and climate

further studies
http://www.cometonigeria.com/about-nigeria/climate

http://www.worldtravelguide.net/nigeria ... -geography


practice test
http://www.quibblo.com/quiz/bVaZSJ5/Wea ... imate-Quiz

http://www.ecokids.ca/pub/eco_info/topi ... /index.cfm

http://www.interactivegeography.co.uk/g ... ather.html

http://wps.prenhall.com/esm_mcknight_ph ... index.html

http://www.rcs.k12.va.us/csjh/worldG/w_ ... review.htm

http://www.sciencewithmrnoon.com/physci ... iqz223.htm






LESSON 44
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Seasons
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)mention the cause of the seasons
(ii)describe the seasons in Europe
(iii)mention the seasons in West Africa





CONTENT:
SEASONS OF THE YEAR
The revolution of the earth round the sun causes the occurrence of the seasons. When the earth is in a particular part of the orbit round the sun, an area of the earth such as Europe will have much sunshine and warmth. It will then be summer in Europe. The part of the earth on the opposite side of the Europe may then have a cold season. These differences bring about the seasons.
In the northern and southern zones of the world, there are four seasons namely: summer, autumn, winter and spring. In West Africa, there are only two seasons, the rainy season and the dry season.


Formation of clouds before rainfall
http://www.mbgnet.net/fresh/cycle/cycle.htm


http://www.bom.gov.au/info/ftweather/page_9.shtml

EVALUATION:
What is the cause of the seasons?
What are the seasons in Europe?
What are the seasons in West Africa?

ASSIGNMENT: is it possible for an eclipse of the moon to occur by day?.Explain

further studies
http://www.holidaysmart.com/seasons.htm

http://www-spof.gsfc.nasa.gov/stargaze/Sseason.htm

http://www.onlinenigeria.com/links/adv.asp?blurb=69


practice test
http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/scie ... iz424.html

http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/sto ... ns--year_1

http://www.funtrivia.com/playquiz/quiz1 ... 94590.html

http://www.neok12.com/quiz/SEASON01





SUB TOPIC 2: CLIMATE AND SEASON.

CLIMATE
This is the average condition of the weather of a place over a long period of time. Elements of climate are:
1. Rainfall
2. Temperature
3. Wind
4. Ice

THE SEASONS
The revolving of the earth about the sun causes the season. The time it takes to go once round the sun is a year (365 ¼ days)


TYPES OF SEASONS
Autum, winter, spring and summer. These four seasons are not well pronounced in the tropics. However, we have the rainy and dry seasons as it is in Nigeria.

EVALUATION
1. Mention the season you experience in your country
2. Define climate and list the elements of climate.
3. Explain what is meant by eclipse

READING ASSIGNMENT
Read basic science made easy pages 68-69 and Stan pages 123-129.

ASSIGNMENT
1. Explain the season of the year in your country.
2. Write the names of the nine planets in order of their average distance from the sun.





SPECIFIC TOPIC: Movements of the Earth
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)describe the sun
(ii)mention the two movements of the earth
(iii)differentiate between rotation and revolution

CONTENT:
THE SUN
The sun is a star at the centre of our solar system. It is a very large sphere which is many times larger than the size of the earth. The sun is made up of gases which are continuously reacting with one another. This reaction produces a very large amount of heat and light. The heat and light are radiated to the planets.
The sun is therefore the source of heat each planet has. The sun is many times hotter than the black smith's fire. The warmth from the sun keeps animals and plants alive and prevents them from dying of cold.

The Sun dominates the sky whenever it is visible. Without the Sun, there would be no life on Earth.


http://kids.nineplanets.org/portfoli.htm

MOVEMENTS OF THE EARTH
The earth carries out two types of movements, these are:
1. ROTATION: the earth rotates on its axis and completes one rotation in 24hours, that is a day. An apparatus called the globe is used to illustrate this rotation.


[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lkWyM-M8o0c[/youtube]

2. REVOLUTION: this is movement along a path round the sun. One complete revolution of the earth around the sun takes a year. The revolution of the earth round the sun causes the occurrence of the seasons. As the earth moves along its orbit round the sun, all parts of the earth do not receive the same amount of sunshine at the same time.



[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2lP146KA5A[/youtube]

The Globe showing day and night
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k-oLJxjC ... re=related[/youtube]

EVALUATION:
What is the sun?
What are the two movements of the earth?
What are the differences between rotation and revolution?

CLASS WORK (1)mention the four seasons in Nigeria
(2)What are the four seasons in America?

further studies
http://www.kidsgeo.com/geography-for-ki ... easons.php

http://dialogue.hubpages.com/hub/Movements-of-the-Earth


practice test
http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/sto ... y-quiz-2_1

http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/sto ... s-rotation

http://www.qldscienceteachers.com/junio ... -movements

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/sciencecli ... moon.shtml

http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/00 ... _quiz.html




watch video
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lkWyM-M8o0c[/youtube]




LESSON 41
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Rotation and revolution of the moon
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)describe the moon
(ii)describe the eclipse of the moon

CONTENT:
ROTATION AND REVOLUTION OF THE MOON
The moon is a satellite (an object put into orbit around earth in order to relay communications signal).This means that it is a natural body that revolves round the earth. The moon is smaller in size than the earth. The surface of the moon is uneven, there are hills and valleys (craters) and there is no air in the moon, neither is life. The shape of the moon varies from new moon to full moon as shown in the diagram below.

As the earth revolves round the sun the moon revolves round the earth, a time comes when the earth is located between the sun and the moon. The earth blocks the rays of light that pass from the sun to the moon. The shadow of the earth is cast on the moon so that for some time (usually a few minutes) the moon cannot be seen by observers on earth.

Different shapes of the moon




EVALUATION:
What is the moon?
What is the eclipse of the moon?

ASSIGNMENT: Differentiate between the eclipse of the sun and the moon

further studies
http://www.windows2universe.org/the_uni ... moon1.html

http://www.grantchronicles.com/astro29.htm


watch video
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OZIB_leg75Q[/youtube]


practice test
http://www.glencoe.com/qe/science.php?qi=298

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0 ... _quiz.html

http://hs-staffserver.stjames.k12.mn.us ... oonqu.html

http://www.qldscienceteachers.com/junio ... izzes/moon

http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/scie ... iz446.html

TOPIC: MATTER
CONTENT: 1. Meaning of matter
2. Identification of matter.

SUB-TOPIC 1: MEANING OF MATTER
Matter is anything in nature that has mass and occupies space. Stone, paper, plant, air, water, rubber etc. are made up of matter. Matter is made up of small particles called atoms.

Matter can go from solid to liquid to gas. You can change a material’s state of matter by changing its temperature or pressure. You can make something hotter or colder. You can squeeze the molecules more tightly together.

EVALUATION
1. What is a matter?
2. Explain an experiment to show that particles move from one end to another

[youtube]https://youtu.be/uYYEX5v5a9A[/youtube]



SUB-TOPIC 2: IDENTIFICATION OF MATTER
Matter comes in different forms. Matter can be solid like steaks and wood. It can be a gas like air. It can be a liquid like milk. Scientists call solids, liquids, and gases the ordinary “states of matter”.
Matter is made of tiny bits called molecules. How these molecules line up and move around is what makes solids, liquids, and gases.
Molecules in solids are packed tightly together and do not move around much. They give a solid its shape.
Molecules in liquids are not so tightly packed. They move around more. The moving molecules are far enough apart to let liquids flow, but they are close enough to give liquids volume.
Molecules in gases zoom around every which way. They expand, or keep going outward, until they run into something. They fill any size container they are in.

Matter is classified into solid, liquid, and gas. All living and non-living things are made up of matter. It means that everything that you can see, touch, smell, breathe or eat is made up of matter.
You change water to a solid when you make ice cubes. You fill an ice cube tray with water and put it in your freezer to chill. Lowering the temperature makes the water molecules slow down. When the water gets cold enough, the molecules slow down enough to freeze into solid ice. This change happens at 32° Fahrenheit (0° Celsius). This temperature is called the freezing point of water. Above 32° Fahrenheit (0° Celsius), ice starts to melt and turn back into a liquid. So this temperature is also called the melting point of ice.
You change water into a gas when you boil water. You set a pot on the stove and turn on the burner. The water gets hotter and hotter. The water molecules move faster and faster. When the molecules are zooming every which way, the water starts to bubble as steam rises up into the air. Water changes into steam, a gas, when its temperature reaches 212° Fahrenheit (100° Celsius).

EVALUATION
1. How could you explain why some substances dissolve in water and others do not?
2. Why is there a gurgling sound when you empty a bottle full of liquid?
3. Explain what you understand as FREEING POINT OF WATER.
[youtube]https://youtu.be/YdQu1TqAiWc[/youtube]

READING ASSIGNMENT
Read basic science made easy pages 70-71.

ASSIGNMENT
Explain the term diffusion
At what point/degrees do the following substances melt
i. Ice
ii. Iron
iii. Helium



TOPIC: CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

CONTENT 1: States of matter

STATES OF MATTER
Matter has been defined as anything that has mass and occupies space.
Matter can be classified into the following groups
I. Living and non-living things
II. Using the state of matter, solid, liquid and gas.
III. Using physical criteria like size, weight, texture, shape, color, smell, taste.
There are three states of matter which are solid, liquid and gas.

SOLID STATE OF MATTER
The particles of solid are arranged in an orderly manner. A strong intermolecular force holds the particles together. The particles are very much close together. Solids have definite shapes, volume and fixed mass. Examples of solid are salt, sugar, ice-block; stone e.t.c. solid undergoes translational motion and oscillatory motion.




LIQUID STATE OF MATTER
The particles of a liquid are not very close together. Liquid particles are a bit free to move about because of the moderate intermolecular force between particles. Liquid does not have a definite shape but takes the shape of the container. Liquid are fluid which flows or diffuse in all directions. Examples are water, blood, ink, urine. Liquid have definite volume, fixed mass. Liquid cannot be compressed or squeezed into a smaller space. Liquids undergo three kinds of motion, vibration, rotational and translational.





GAS STATE OF MATTER
The particles of gas are very far apart because of the very weak intermolecular force holding the particles. They move about freely at great speed. Gases have no definite shape, volume but have fixed mass. Gases can be compressed. Examples of gases are air, ammonia, steam, oxygen e.t.c.



CHANGE OF STATE
When solid water [ice] is heated, its particles move faster and break away from the ordered arrangement. The solid melts to become a liquid. The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which solid changes to liquid. The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which liquid changes to gas.



EVALUATION

1. List all the states of matter you know
2. How will you identify matter?
3 Differentiate between solid and liquid.

READING ASSIGNMENT
Read basic science made easy by Kehinde pages 71-75.

ASSIGNMENT
1. How can we change a solid to liquid?
2. What is boiling point?
3. List three properties each of solids liquids and gases.

TOPIC: LIVING THINGS [PLANTS AND ANIMALS]

CONTENTS
1. Meaning and examples of living things
2. Differences between plants and animals
3. Characteristics of living things


SUB-TOPIC1: EXAMPLES OF LIVING THINGS
The living things are things that have life in them. They can be divided into plants and animals. Toad, housefly, ostrich, fish are examples of animals. Maize plant, grass, yam, hibiscus are examples of plants.


THE CELL: Cell is the basic unit of life. It is the structural and functional unit of life. Cells may exist as individual living organisms (unicellular organisms) or as group of cells (multicellular organisms).


TYPES OF CELLS
1. Animal cell
2 .Plant cell


EVALUATION
1. State the basic unit of life.
2. Name two types of cells
3. Label the diagrams below






SUB-TOPIC 2: USES/IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS.
Plants and animals can be used for the following purposes.




USES OF PLANTS
1. Plants provides food such as vegetables, fruits, tuber, leaves etc for man and animals’
2. Provision of materials for shelter e. g timber for construction of houses.
3. Medicine: plants are used in the production of drug plant which is used as herb in treating diseases.
4. Plant is used to beautify our environment.
5. Plant leaves serve as wind break and also use to control soil erosion
6. Plants remove carbon-dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis and give out oxygen.
7. It serves as source of income to the people and the nation.

USES OF ANIMALS
1. Animals serve as food for man.
2. Some animals are used as beasts of burden e .g donkeys and camels
3. Some animals are used as means of transportation e. g horses and camels.
4. Animal such as dogs is used for security.
5 It also serves as source of income.

EVALUATION
1. Mention five examples of plant.
2. What are the uses of plants and animals?
3. List all the characteristics of plants and animals.
4. List four important uses of plants and animals to human beings.

READING ASSIGNMENT
Read basic science made easy by F.I. Kehinde pages 76-84.

ASSIGNMENT
1. Mention names of five plants and five animals.
2. List four important uses of plants and animals to human beings.




TOPIC: Plants and Animals
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Examples and characteristics
REFERENCE BOOKS: Basic Science for J.s.s 1 by Ndu et al
Progressive Integrated Science for J.s.s 1 by Danquah
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)give examples of plants and animals
(ii)outline the characteristics of plants and animals

CONTENT:
PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Both plants and animals are living things because they both have the characteristics of living things. On careful examination however, there are differences between plants and animals. Examples of plants and animals are:

S/N Plants....................Animals
1 Morning glory.........Cat
2 Almond fruit tree....Dog
3 Rose......................Goat
4 Weed.....................Sheep
5 Mango tree............Rat
6 Bahamas grass......Squirrel
7 Carpet grass..........Grasshopper
8 Crotalaria...............Tse tse fly
9 Hibiscus..................Snake
10 Pride of Barbados...Rabbit


CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS (LIVING THINGS)
An organism is said to be a living thing if it can carry out the following functions:

1 Movement
Plants do not move from place to place but carry out bending movements.
Animals move from place to place on their own

2 Respiration(Breathing)
Plants have no complex organs for breathing
Animals breathe through complex organs such as lungs and gills

3 Nutrition(Feeding)
Plants make their own food and feed
Animals feed on plants and other animals, cannot make their own food

4 Irritability(sensitivity)
Plants respond slowly to changes in the environment, except sensitive plants
Animals respond quickly to changes in the environment

5 Growth
Plants grow in length only at the tips of the stems and roots
Animals grow in length in all parts of the body

6 Excretion
Plants have no complex organs for excretion
Animals have complex organs for excretion e.g. kidneys and lungs

7 Reproduction
There is no courtship in plant reproduction
There is usually courtship in animal reproduction

8 Death
Plants die
Animals die

Young Plant Shoots Bending Toward Light (Phototropism)
Since green plants are autotrophic, or able to manufacture their own food from water, carbon dioxide, sunlight, and inorganic molecules, they must grow in areas with available sunlight. In response to this need, green plants are phototropic, or able to grow towards a source of light.



view experiment
[youtube]https://youtu.be/tLYOBi5gaVs[/youtube]

EVALUATION:
What are the examples of plants and animals?
What are the characteristics of plants and animals?

ASSIGNMENT:make a plant album

further studies
http://www.ric.edu/faculty/ptiskus/six_ ... /index.htm

http://atschool.eduweb.co.uk/sirrobhitc ... antand.htm

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesi ... sms3.shtml


practice test
http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/scien ... ng_things/

http://www.allthetests.com/knowledge-te ... ?katb=0730

http://www.onlinequizarea.com/pictures/ ... tart/16/2/

http://a4esl.org/q/j/ck/ch-plantanmial-e.html

TOPIC: CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS.
CONTENT: 1.Charateristics of Living Things
2. Differences between plants and animals.

SUB-TOPIC 1: CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS


THE CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS (MR NIGERCLAD)
1. MOVEMENT: Movement is a change in position .Animals move from place to place. Plant only moves towards the light.
2. RESPIRATION :This is the release of energy as a result of breakdown of food in the body
3. NUTRITION/FEEDING: Food is a substance which when taken provides energy or materials for building the body. Plant and animals feed in order to get energy to carry out their daily activities and also to grow.
4. GROWTH: Growth is the increase in size as a result of formation of new cells and increase of the new cells .All living things grow as they become older.
5. IRRITABILITY/SENSITIVITY: This is the ability to respond to change in the environment. All living things respond to changes in the environment.
6. REPRODUCTION: All living things can reproduce their own kind/species.
7. EXCRETION: The removal of metabolic waste products from the body is called excretion
8. ADAPTATION: This is the way living things get used to their various environments.
9. COMPETITION: This is the ability of living things to struggle for all the necessities of life in order to survive in their various environments. Plants and animals compete for food.
10. LIFE SPAN/ DEATH: All living things must die because they have limited period of existence.


SUB-TOPIC 2: TYPES OF MOVEMENT

ACTIVE MOVEMENT: This occurs when a living thing moves by its own energy

[ii] Passive movement: This occurs when a living thing is carried by wind or water or animals from one place to another.

[iii] BENDING MOVEMENT: This occurs in plants which bend towards light, water or gravity.




PURPOSE OF MOVEMENT
To search for food.
To escape from dangers and enemies.
[iii] To respond to changes in the environment.
[iv] To seek reproductive mates or sites
Types of movement in plants are phototropism; movement towards light. Geotropism is the movement towards gravity.

EVALUATION
1. Write five differences between plants and animals
2. State the characteristics of living things.

READING ASSIGNMENT
Read basic science made easy by F.I. Kehinde pages 80-81.


ASSIGNMENT
Draw and Label the diagrams of Plant and Animal Cells





SPECIFIC TOPIC: Differences in structure between plants and animals
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)mention the differences between plants and animals
(ii)enumerate the similarities between plant and animal cells
(iii) outline the differences between plant and animal cells

CONTENT:
DIFFERENCES IN STRUCTURE BETWEEN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

S/N Plants.................................Animals
1 They have roots................They have no roots
2 They have stems...............They have no stems
3 They have leaves ..............They have no leaves
4 They have flowers, fruits and seeds...They have no flowers, fruits and seeds
5 They have chlorophyll( green colouring matter in plants)...They have no chlorophyll
6 They have no definite shapes.......They have definite shapes
7 They are made up of many parts i.e. many leaves, branches, roots etc.....They are not made up of many parts


Plant Cell
Plant cells contain a variety of membrane-bound structures called organelles. These include a nucleus that carries genetic material; mitochondria that generate energy; ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum that manufacture proteins; smooth endoplasmic reticulum that manufactures lipids used for making membranes and storing energy; and a thin lipid membrane that surrounds the cell. Plant cells also contain chloroplasts that capture energy from sunlight and a single fluid-filled vacuole that stores compounds and helps in plant growth. Plant cells are surrounded by a rigid cell wall that protects the cell and maintains its shape.




Animal Cel
An animal cell typically contains several types of membrane-bound organs, or organelles. The nucleus directs activities of the cell and carries genetic information from generation to generation. The mitochondria generate energy for the cell. Proteins are manufactured by ribosomes, which are bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum or float free in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and distributes proteins while lysosomes store enzymes for digesting food. The entire cell is wrapped in a lipid membrane that selectively permits materials to pass in and out of the cytoplasm.



DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS

S/N Plants.................................................Animals
1 Cellulose cell wall is present..............Cell wall is absent
2 Cell vacuoles present........................Cell vacuoles normally absent
3 Chloroplasts present.........................Chloroplast absent
4 Cytoplasm does not fill the cell..........Cytoplasm fills the cell
5 Cell sap is present.............................Cell sap is absent



SIMILARITIES BETWEEN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS

S/N Plants...............................Animals
1 Has a cell membrane........Has a cell membrane
2 Has cytoplasm..................Has cytoplasm
3 Has a nucleus...................Has a nucleus





EVALUATION:
What are the differences between plants and animals?
What are the similarities between plant and animal cells?
What are the differences between plant and animal cells?

CLASS WORK :students are to draw and label the plant and animal cells

further studies
http://www.neok12.com/Cell-Structures.htm

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesiz ... ise3.shtml

http://waynesword.palomar.edu/lmexer1a.htm

http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

http://www.diffen.com/difference/Animal ... Plant_Cell


watch videos
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWz4ptP_QEU[/youtube]

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jn9oJtXZYcU[/youtube]


practice test
http://www.lahc.cc.ca.us/biology/bio3/m ... /quiz.html

http://www.sciencesource.ca/quizzes/quiz2_01_2FqpMv.htm

http://www.quizrevolution.com/ch/a70678 ... cells_quiz

http://www.quiz.biz/quizz-270988.html

http://www.syvum.com/cgi/online/mult.cg ... lgr7.tdf?0

http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/sto ... -group-2_1

http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/biol ... iz356.html

http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/biol ... iz422.html






LESSON 50
SPECIFIC TOPIC:Uses and importance of plants and animals
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)mention and explain the uses of plants and animals especially to us human beings.

CONTENT:
USES/ IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The following are the uses of plants and animals:
1. Plants provide human beings with food such as vegetables, fruits, tubers and so on.
2. Plants provide human beings with firewood, timber and latex (rubber)
3. Some medicines that cure human diseases are obtained from plants.
4. Plants beautify the environment.
5. Animals are eaten by human beings.
6. Some animals e.g. donkeys and camels are used by human beings as beasts of burden
7. The dog is used to watch over our property.
8. Animals are sold to earn money e.g. goat, sheep, pigs and poultry.

[youtube]https://youtu.be/fecessadATQ[/youtube]

[youtube]https://youtu.be/iqyIsktnCCs[/youtube]

EVALUATION:
What are the uses of plants and animals especially to us human beings?

ASSIGNMENT:what are the economic importance of plants?

further studies
http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/earth.html

http://www.botanical-online.com/theimpo ... plants.htm

http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/plants.htm

http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/animals.htm

http://www.allprojectreports.com/CBSE-H ... _trees.htm

http://www.ehow.com/info_8727693_import ... -life.html


practice test
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/quizzes.html

http://www.quibblo.com/quiz/bVA6jbp/Plants-vs-Animals

TOPIC: ACTIVITIES OF LIVING THINGS

CONTENT: 1. Types of feeding and reproduction
2. .Associated organs
3. Purpose/importance of the activities.

SUB-TOPIC: MODE OF FEEDING


1. AUTHOTROPHIC MODE OF FEEDING: This is found in green plants .Light energy is trapped by green plants and combined with inorganic materials (CO2) to produce food.eg photosynthesis.


2. HETEROTROPHIC MODE OF FEEDING: This is found mainly in animals .They are unable to produce their own food hence depends on already manufactured solid food which must be digested and absorbed. Under this mode of feeding, organisms (animals) can be classified according to their feeding habits.


A] HERBIVOROUS ANIMALS: These are the animals that feed mainly on plants. These are called ruminants. Examples are goats sheep and cattle.


B] CARNIVOROUS ANIMALS: These are animals that feed mainly on flesh. Examples are lion, cat and tiger.


C] OMNIVOROUS ANIMALS: These are animals that can feed on both plants and animals materials e. g man.


Further Studies


SUB-TOPIC 2: TYPES OF REPRODUCTION
1. Asexual reproduction:
2. Sexual reproduction.

[a] In PLANT
a. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION: This is the reproduction of plant through seeds only.


b. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION: This is the process by which plant reproduces itself through vegetative means/parts. This method includes cutting, layering, budding and grafting, etc.


ANIMAL
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION: This is the fusion of male and female reproductive organs together .It is the only means of reproduction in animals.




TYPES OF GROWTH
1. Apical is the growth that involves growing tip of plant, growing tall from time to time.


2. Intercalary is a type of growth that involves every part of the body growing at the same time.


TYPES OF RESPIRATION
1. Aerobic respiration oxygen is used to liberate energy.
2. Anaerobic respiration involves a chemical process common with organisms like bacteria.

[youtube]https://youtu.be/sVTDF6xZMKg[/youtube]

EVALUATION

1. In a tabular form highlight the types of movement in animals.
2. Explain the two types of growth in living things



SUB-TOPIC 3: ASSOCIATED ORGANS


PURPOSE/IMPORTANCE OF THE ACTIVITIES
MOVEMENT: It enables plants and animal to search for food. It enables animals to change position.

RESPIRATION: (Wastes product) carbon (IV) oxide gets rid of the body systems.

NUTRITION: this enables plants and animals to get energy for their daily activities. This enables plant and animal to grow.

IRRITABILITY: it enables plants and animals to be sensitive to changes in their environment.

GROWTH: The food eaten is used to increase size and weight of plants and animals.

EXCRETION: All the wastes product are eliminated from the body system during excretion.

REPRODUCTION: Plants and animals are able to bring forth young ones like themselves. This brings about increase in population .It is for continuity of life.

EVALUATION
1. How many types of movement do you know in plant?
2. Mention the importance of the activities in living things.

READING ASSIGNMENT
Read Stan pages 104-108.

ASSIGNMENT
1. Mention the activities of living things.
2. State the purpose of the activities mentioned above.
3. State reasons why you will group Human Being as special animal.