Pen-Write E-Library - Private

[align=justify]You are welcome to the Admin. Office of Pen-Write Academy.

This Secretariat provides answers to all your questions about how the Academy functions and how you can maximize your benefit from it. The office, like any other corporate administrative office, provides you with all necessary information to enhance your functionality.

As an academic support service provider, Pen-Write Communications offers this academic platform facility to students in the Upper Basic (JSS 1-3) & Senior Secondary (SS 1-3) classes as well as SSCE/GCE & UTME Remedial Classes. There is also provision for other related pre-university levels in a bid to help provide 21st Century learning to the new generation of students in Nigeria and its sub-region based on the Nigerian National Curriculum and relevant academic schemes.

We provide a comprehensive treatment of all topics in the syllabus of all subjects listed on the forum, giving unlimited access to world-wide resources on them for your benefit not only to pass examinations but to really acquire knowledge.

The library contains detail content of all topics in all core areas for Science, Art and Commercial subjects.

All topics are comprehensively treated in lesson presentation format with relevant links for further studies, practice tests for evaluation purposes, pictures and graphics display are commonplace and video demonstrations (where applicable) are used to concretize learning.

It is a forum for serious-minded students who want real education and intellectual independence.

This programme is designed to provide academic – support services to interested candidates or schools so that they can explore the benefits of 21st Century Technology in education in the convenience of their schools, home or office.

BENEFITS:
Students and staff will have access to all topics in the syllabus of the selected subjects which are comprehensively treated with relevant links for further studies and practice test for evaluation.

Students and staff will have positive reason to surf through the internet on their mobile devices for academic purposes.

Their orientation will become more positive and their overall performance will improve to boost intellectual capability.

Overall performance in external and terminal certificate examinations will improve tremendously.

Users would be exposed to 21st century education that is required to function in this generation.

Users will learn the way they love to learn by accessing knowledge on an attractive and interesting platform.

Users will be adequately prepared for the new wave of e-learning that is sweeping across all levels of education.

The Library is user-friendly and compatible with any mobile device.


We wish you success. Enjoy your learning with this new innovation.

Management

Pen-Write Communications...there is power in th(e)inking[/align]

ASPECT: Speech work
TOPIC: Introduction to speech (Organs of Speech)


The organs of speech are the parts of human body used in speech production. The organs of speech include: lungs, vocal cords, trachea, larynx, the velum, soft palate, hard palate, alveolar ridge, nasal cavity, teeth, lips and the tongue.
The process of speech production starts from the lungs which serve as the ‘power house’ from which the airstream flows. The tongue may be described as the most active articulator because it moves and come in contact with other organs of speech, create a total or partial obstruction during the production of English consonants.

[bbvideo=560,315]https://www.youtube.com/htmkbIboG9Q[/bbvideo]

[youtube]https://www.youtube.com/KpsA2b-gKpU[/youtube]

EVALUATION
1. Define organs of speech
2. List ten (10) organs of speech

ASSIGNMENT
[youtube]https://youtu.be/h5LO0hHGfQg[/youtube]

Watch the short video above and practice along with the teacher to grab the concept of pronunciation of the TH sounds.


Further Studies 1

Further Studies 2

Further Studies 3

Further Studies 4

LESSON 1
ASPECT: Structure
TOPIC: Parts of Speech-Nouns
SUB-TOPIC: Functions of Nouns in a given passage.
Nouns are names of persons, places, animals, and ideas . The word noun is derived from the Latin word “nomen” meaning name. Examples are John, Abuja, tiger, chair, honesty, courage, happiness etc.

Position of Noun
Nouns can take either subject or object position. Subject is the performer of the action in a sentence while object is the receiver of the action in a sentence.
i. Shade is my friend.
ii. The pencil belongs to me.

In the sentences above” Shade” and “pencil” take the subject position.
i. The hunter killed a snake.
ii. I took the book

In the above sentences,” snake” and” book” take the object position.



Classes of Nouns: Nouns in English can be classified into the following:

1. Proper Nouns: These refer to the names of particular persons, animals, places or things.

Persons: Sola, Ngozi, Bala, Asuquo etc

Animals: Bingo, Jack, Lucky( names of dogs) etc

Places: London, Lagos, Port Harcourt, Abuja, Calabar, Enugu,

Days/months: Monday, Tuesday, December, July etc

Organizations: Oceanic Bank, Pen-Write Academy, Assemblies of God

Subjects: Mathematics, Christian Religious Studies

Natural features: River Niger , Mount Everest, Lake Chad.

NOTE: Proper nouns always begin with capital letters.



2. Common Nouns: These are general names for persons, animals, places and things that share the same characteristics. Examples include: boy, dog, village, ruler, and city.





3. Concrete Nouns: These refer to materials, persons, objects, things or substances that have physical forms. They are tangible nouns e.g. car, spoon, fork etc.



4. Abstract Nouns: These are names of entities that have no physical forms; that is, those nouns that are immaterial e.g. peace, hope, love, kindness, honesty, etc.



5. Collective Nouns: These are nouns that name or refer to groups or a collection of people, animals or things as unified entities e.g. audience, army, choir, team, committee, etc.







Functions of Nouns:
Generally, nouns perform five major functions:

1. Subject of a verb
John likes fish.
Yahaya swims in the pool always

2. Object of a verb
John kills fishes every day.
The old man praised Banjo.

3. Complement of a Subject
My name is Tina.
Schools are goldmines.

4. Complement of a preposition
I take great delight in sports.
Naturally, all human beings sleep at night.


5. Complement of an Object
We call the bad boy Ogidi.
They crowned him king.

EVALUATION:
i. What is a noun?
ii. Give three classes of noun with two examples each.
iii. State the two positions of noun with relevant examples.

ASSIGNMENT:
Underline the nouns in this passage.
Immediately after the evening meal, when the problems were over, my father bade his friends farewell and I went to sit under the verandah of his hut; I went and sat near him. I began by questioning him in a roundabout manner, as all children do, and on every subject under the sun. Finally, unable to restrain myself any longer, I asked:
“Father, what is that little snake that comes to visit you?”

Further Studies 1

Further Studies 2




LESSON 2
ASPECT: COMPREHENSION
TOPIC: Ngozi and Emeka


The passage narrates how Ngozi and Emeka (the twins) grew tall. They were sometimes taken to the town to see their aunt. Then, one day when the twins were nine years old, they went to live with their aunt in the town.

EVALUATION: Intensive English for Jss1, Exercise 1.2.2; pages 3-4.

ASSIGNMENT: Intensive English for Jss1 Exercises 1.2. 3 and 1.2.4; pages 4-5.



SUB-TOPIC: COMPREHENSION
TEXT: Intensive English for Senior Secondary School Book 1.Page 3
TITLE: The Death Of Ikemefuna Pages: 3-5
CLASS ACTIVITIES
The passage should be read carefully, before the students attempt the questions on it.

Further Studies 1

[youtube]https://youtu.be/co9wzOxvXFE?list=PL5F007E11CFA22EB8[/youtube]

EVALUATION
Answer the questions on unit 1.2.3. page 5.




LESSON 3
ASPECT: Composition
TOPIC: Writing Outline
An outline is a statement of relevant points to the topic before the actual writing is done. It is wise to jot down the points, ideas and thoughts that could be developed to meet the goals of the writing exercise. Ideas and points come through thinking and brainstorming. The ideas jotted should then be arranged orderly following a logical pattern.



Illustration of an Outline Form for a Class Essay

Topic: My First Day in High School
 Preparation for the journey.
 Departure from home.
 Events on the way to school.
 Arrival at the registration point.
 Activities at the registration centre.
 Meeting of new friends in the hostel.
 Orientation exercise for the new students.
 Experience at the dining hall.
 Mood at end of the day.



EVALUATION:
Write an outline on the topic ‘My Ideal School’

ASSIGNMENT:
Write an essay on the topic ‘My First Day in High School’. Your essay should not be less than 200 words.



LESSON 4
Literature:
TOPIC: Introduction to Literature (functions and purpose).
What is Literature? Literature is a mirror of life. Literature is a tool used to look at the ills of life and aim at correcting it. And that is why literature is a mirror of life.



The functions of literature
The following are some of the major functions of literature:
1. It is for entertainment. That is, the different types of literature such as prose, drama and poetry, entertains.
2. It educates, that is, it is a medium through which the author passes across his believe to the reader.
3. Literature is didactic. It teaches moral lessons through whichever form it takes(drama, poetry and prose).

The purposes of literature among many others are:
It is a vehicle for social change. Through literature, social vices can be corrected.
It is a means of acquiring more vocabularies.
It creates reading interest.
Literature provides guiding principles of life.
It serves as information base.
It describes reality of life.
It is a means of maintaining culture of the people.

READING ASSIGNMENT:
Vengeance by Ayo Olaosebikan, Act 1 scene 1,2 and 3

TOPIC: Elements, mixtures and compounds
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Methods of separation of mixtures
REFERENCE BOOKS: Integrated science for JSCE by Adebayo et al
Essential chemistry for SSS by I.A.Odesina

OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i )define element
(ii)define mixtures
(iii)define compound
(iv) mention the methods of separating mixtures

CONTENT:
ELEMENTS, MIXTURES AND COMPOUNDS
An element is a substance that is made up of one kind of particle called atoms and cannot split into two or simpler units or substances by an ordinary chemical process. Examples are gold, iron, hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, silver, neon etc. There are about 110 known elements.



A mixture contains two or more constituents which can be easily separated by physical methods. The constituents of a mixture can be elements or compounds or even both. Examples of mixtures are air, blood, urine, milk, soil, sea-water, crude oil, brass.




A compound is a substance which contains two or more elements chemically combined together in a chemical reaction. Two compounds can also react together to form a new compound. Examples of compounds are common salt, soap, water, sand, limestone, sugar (sucrose) etc.




METHODS OF SEPARATION OF MIXTURES
A mixture contains two or more different substances which retain their individual characteristics and can be separated by the following methods:
 Decantation
 Filtration
 Evaporation
 Distillation
 Fractional distillation
 Magnetic separation
 Sublimation
 Sieving
 Crystallization
 Chromatography





[youtube]https://youtu.be/sBCLafMPVt8[/youtube]

EVALUATION:
What is an Element?
What is a mixture?
What is a compound?
What are the methods of separating mixtures?

ASSIGNMENT: Give five examples of compounds and their names

Further Studies
Further Study 1

Further Study 2

Further Study 3


Practice Tests
Practice Test 1

Practice Test 2





LESSON 36
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Extraction of salt from sea water
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)describe how salt can be extracted from the sea water

CONTENT:
EXTRACTION OF SALT FROM SEA WATER
Salt can be separated from the sea water by heating the sea water to dryness so that the liquid portion with a lower vapour pressure than the solid is removed from the solid portion. The method employs the principle of different vapour pressures and the solvent is sacrificed in the process. The sea water is poured into an evaporating dish and heated gently over a steam bath, the water is driven off and the salt left behind in the dish. The wet salt can be obtained dry by putting it in an oven or the sun or the desiccators.



EVALUATION:
How can salt be recovered from the sea water?

CLASS WORK: mention five uses of salt

Further Studies
Further Study 1

Further Study 2



Practice Test
Practice Test 1

Practice Test 2

Experiment
Experiment 1

[youtube]https://youtu.be/mBE-IjDXkeg[/youtube]






LESSON 37
SPECIFIC TOPIC: Crude oil and Petrochemicals
OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
(i)describe crude oil
(ii)define petrochemicals
(iii)give examples of petrochemicals
(iv)mention the main operations of refining crude oil
(v)outline the uses of crude oil

CONTENT:
CRUDE OIL AND PETROCHEMICALS
Crude oil (petroleum) is the principal source of hydrocarbons which is formed in the rocks of the earth's crust from the remains of marine animals and plants. It is a dark, viscous liquid found in huge underground deposits in Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Venezuela, Australia, Indonesia and Russia.

Petrochemicals are substances that are manufactured from the by-products of petroleum. These include plastics, synthetic fibres (nylon and dacron), synthetic rubber, insecticides and detergents.



REFINING OF CRUDE OIL
The main operations of refining crude petroleum oil are:
 Separation: each fraction contains several compounds which fall within a certain boiling point range. These fractions can be differentiated from one another by their different volatility, odour, colour, texture and their relative ease of ignition and burning.
 Purification
 Conversion.





USES OF CRUDE OIL
1. Petroleum gas is used as a major source of fuel
2. Petrol or Gasoline is also a source of fuel
3. Kerosene is used in modern jet engines, aeroplanes and tractors
4. Diesel oil and Gas oil are used mainly as fuels for heating, in diesel engines and as raw materials for the cracking process
5. Lubricating oils and Paraffin wax are viscous liquids used for lubricating moving parts of engines and machines. Grease, Vaseline is used in cosmetic formulations while paraffin wax is used in making candles, water proof materials, polish, ointments and creams.
6. Bitumen is used in paving roads and airfields. It may also be used as a protective paint, in pipe coating and water proofing roofs.

EVALUATION:
 What is crude oil?
 What are Petrochemicals?
 What are the examples of Petrochemicals?
 What are the main operations of crude oil?
 What are the uses of crude oil?

ASSIGNMENT: What are the importance of crude oil to Nigeria?

Further Studies
further Study 1

Further Study 2

Further Study 3

Further Study 4

Further Study 5

Further Study 6


Practice Tests
Practice Test 1

Practice Test 2